Fillfactor is ignored when non-clustered index added

I have a test scenario where I have added fill-factor = 90 to a clustered index over a random generated GUID primary key. If I create the table without fill-factor = 90 then the number of page splits is initially 31 for 3974 rows and splits occur with every subsequent insert. When I include the fill-factor = 90 the number of splits on population rises to 35 but splits stop happening with every subsequent insert. All good so far! The problem is that when I add a non-clustered index although the clustered index still indicates a fill-factor of 90% the initial insert is back to 31 splits and splits are happening again on every subsequent insert indicating that the fill-factor is being ignored. Does anyone have an idea as to why this might be happening? /* scenarios: 1. Create table #Test02 without fillfactor, populate and observe 37 page splits occured, insert two rows at a time and observe page splits occurring 2. Drop and create table #Test02 with filfactor = 90, populate and observe 40 page splits occurred, insert two rows at a time and observe that page splits do not occurr 3. Drop and create table #Test02 with filfactor = 90, insert two rows then populate, observer 38 page splits occurred, insert two rows at a time and observe page splits occurring 4. Drop and create table #Test02 with filfactor = 90, create index IX_#Test02_ProductName, populate and observe 37 & 35 page splits occurred, insert two rows at a time and observe that page splits occur on PK 5. Rebuild index PK_Test02, insert two rows at a time and observe that page splits do not occurr Conclusion: On an empty table with a PK FF = 90 SQL preserves the fill factor */ --non-sequential index table IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#Test02') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #Test02 --CREATE TABLE #Test02(ID uniqueidentifier default newid(), ProductName nvarchar(150), CONSTRAINT PK_Test02 PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ID)) CREATE TABLE #Test02(ID uniqueidentifier default newid(), ProductName nvarchar(150), CONSTRAINT PK_Test02 PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ID) WITH (FILLFACTOR = 90)) --ALTER INDEX PK_Test02 ON #Test02 REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = 90); IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM tempdb.sys.indexes WHERE name = N'IX_#Test02_ProductName') DROP INDEX IX_#Test02_ProductName ON #Test02 CREATE INDEX IX_#Test02_ProductName ON #Test02(ProductName) --populate script INSERT #Test02(ProductName) SELECT TOP 4000 COALESCE(O1.name,O2.name) FROM master.sys.objects O1 CROSS JOIN master.sys.objects O2 --two row insert INSERT #Test02(ProductName) VALUES(N'Straight Banana'),(N'Bent Banana') --observe page splits SELECT ios.index_id , o.name as object_name , i.name as index_name , ios.leaf_allocation_count as page_split_for_index , ios.nonleaf_allocation_count page_allocation_caused_by_pagesplit , ios.leaf_insert_count , i.fill_factor FROM tempdb.sys.dm_db_index_operational_stats(db_id(N'db_name'), null, null, null) ios JOIN tempdb.sys.indexes i on ios.index_id = i.index_id AND ios.object_id = i.object_id JOIN tempdb.sys.objects o on ios.object_id = o.object_id WHERE o.type_desc = N'user_table' AND o.name like N'#test02%'