autogrowth set higher than available disk

First all our autogrow settings are either turned off or the file size is set to the max autogrow size. I guess same difference as I came in after the setup. Although I've never had this problem, I've been looking for an answer to a possible condition: I need my file to grow for example a tiny amount, say 100 MB for a insert to happen. However my autogrow is set to say 500MB. The disk has 450 MB available. What would happen in that scenario. And just say this insert happens once in a while at night, so I had no idea that it was going to happen, so I couldn't or didn't pre grow the file. I'm really just curious about how sql server would handle this.