SQL Server Transaction Log to find SQL query written in SSMS query editor

In one database table, one column value was overwritten with the same value for the entire table as if someone wrote an update statement without a where clause. We are trying to find out if this is something happened because of a bug in the application or someone wrote an update statement using SSMS query editor without a where clause. Is it possible to find out this information from the .ldf file? Does this file capture all sql query that is written in SSMS query editor or from any another application?