Unix vs OS360 (History)

I read the history of Unix operating system and also read the original Unix paper by Thompson and Ritchie. In their paper they mention some key features which Unix uses. Some terminologies including file handling (read, write, ...), process management (fork, ...), user access controls (super user, permissions, ...), were defined and explained in that paper. My question is, were those words and terminologies really new at that time (1974)? If the answer is yes, then how were mainframes working before Unix? I mean how IBM OS/360 was working? Didn't they (IBM guys) use file and processes for batch jobs and storing information? If the answer is no, then what was really new in Unix?!