Linux alternative to file history/shadow copies for internal backup?

I am looking for (good) backup alternatives to the time machine of MacOS/OS X devices or file history on Windows machines. Actually what I am looking for is closer to Windows' solution than to the time machine. So I know I can [use rsync](https://blog.interlinked.org/tutorials/rsync_time_machine.html) or - with a nice UI - [Back in time](http://backintime.le-web.org/) . However I am **not looking for an external backup solution!** This means I rather want to have a file history as in Windows Vista (and above AFAIK). On Windows Vista/7 this worked with [Shadow copies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_Copy) , so this is exactly what I'd like to have:  So I want to save **the backup/file history on the same drive** (and probably partition, but that does not matter). I'd also save it on another internal drive, but not on an external one. Is there such a solution for Linux or how can I best replicate this behaviour? That's why existing files **should not be duplicated** and a backup (copy of the file) should only be saved when I actually modify or remove it. This way it saves much space, especially for larger files, which you won't edit anyway. As opposed to rsync/backintime, where never-modified files are copied even with incremental backups.