Does remounting after changes to overlayfs underlying filesystem (UB) necessarily restore consistency?

The [overlayfs documentation](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/overlayfs.html) states that "if the underlying filesystem is changed, the behavior of the overlay is undefined, though it will not result in a crash or deadlock." And, indeed, I've observed that when I make changes to the lowerdir in an overlay mount, strange stuff happens. However, if I remount afterwards, the problems seem to be fixed. If I ignore the documentation's advice and modify the underlying filesystem online, will mount -oremount merged *necessarily* fix any issues caused by doing so? (Yes, yes, I know the documentation says "changes to the underlying filesystems while part of a mounted overlay filesystem are **not allowed**" (emphasis mine), but I've heard [otherwise](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/386758/173715).)