How to fix "Bad magic number in super-block"

I try to move all data from one SSD to another SSD. The old SSD is 500 GB, and the new SSD is 1000 GB. Firstly I've created a backup:

dd if=/dev/nvme0n1 | gzip -c /media/ubuntu/local/backup1.img.gz

Then I tried to restore the backup:

gunzip -c /media/ubuntu/local/backup1.img.gz | dd of=/dev/nvme0n1

After that, I got an error:

$ sudo e2fsck /dev/nvme0n1
e2fsck 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
e2fsck: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/nvme0n1

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 

Found a gpt partition table in /dev/nvme0n1

Do you know how I can fix it? Additional output for details:

$ lsblk -f
NAME        FSTYPE   FSVER            LABEL                    UUID                                 FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sdc                                                                                                                
└─sdc1      ntfs                      local                    824A5D3E4A5D2FE1                        244G    49% /media/ubuntu/local
nvme0n1                                                                                                            
├─nvme0n1p1                                                                                                        
├─nvme0n1p2                                                                                                        
├─nvme0n1p3                                                                                                        
├─nvme0n1p4                                                                                                        
├─nvme0n1p5                                                                                                        
├─nvme0n1p6                                                                                                        
└─nvme0n1p7