What does (any) Windows do to EFI partition during an update (in general)?

If someone has any information about Windows update actions, please share. I'm currently running Pop!_OS 22.04 (and other several temporary distros) and booting to it through rEFInd. So, I heard a lot of comments about Windows breaking GRUB, but I don't know what that means exactly. Does it wipe EFI partition? Does it remove non-Windows stuff from EFI partition? Maybe something else? I know for a fact that rEFInd basically have its own folder in EFI partition, and it automatically detects installed OSes and you can create custom boot entries in the same folder. This means that rEFInd is more clear than GRUB (I remember GRUB also stores some files in /boot/ directory of a distro). But I think it doesn't solve the "Windows update broke my GRUB (rEFInd)" problem. Or does it? As rEFInd is a standalone folder (in practice), it will be probably impossible to boot into Pop with Windows (if I had one) removing the folder of the bootloader (without recreating rEFInd via live CD). P.S. I'm just curious about this, and I don't have any issues (because I no longer have Windows installed — and that's a huge relief).