Replicating SD card: hangs at 99%

The goal is to replicate an SD card . Despite successfully replicating the SD card a few years ago, a recent attempt hangs at 99%, despite attempts from 2 different PCs.

-shellsession
user@JUPITER Desktop$ date; sudo sh -c 'pv sdcard.image >/dev/disk5'; date
Fri Mar 17 00:42:51 EDT 2023
 119GiB 6:10:50 [0.00 B/s] [==========================================> ] 99% ETA 0:00:18

Is there any way to measure the SD card to determine if it somehow too small to accommodate the image? diskutil list returned:

/dev/disk5 (external, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:     FDisk_partition_scheme                        *127.9 GB   disk5
   1:             Windows_FAT_32 NO NAME                 254.8 MB   disk5s1
   2:                      Linux                         127.7 GB   disk5s2

The command:

-bash
ls -l sdcard.image

returns:

-rw-r--r--  1 user  staff  128043712512 Oct 29  2021 sdcard.image