How does Fedora encryption affect partitions, devices and mountpoints?

Fedora, similarly to other popular popular Linux distros, provides an easy way to set up [full disk encryption (FDE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_encryption) . As of Fedora 33, [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) has been the default file system (replacing [ext4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ext4)) . I was curious to see a side-by-side comparison of a default installation with/without FDE in Fedora. I thought others might also be interested in this, so I decided to write a Q&A here.