what is a "flag" in bash? and how is it different then other options? what would be a good example to highlight the difference?

so i keep hearing that a flag is a TYPE of option, and that the only difference between a flag and normal options is that a flag is a type of "boolean" option, which when explained to me seems no different then binary so what is a flag? how is it different then other options? what would be a good example to show someone in the terminal the difference between flags and other types of options? thank you