Is it possible to recover a formatted macOS partition

**Backstory:** After I went to the Apple Store today, the drive in my Mac was wiped by an employee as I was supposed to have it replaced. The replacement unit had an issue though, so they gave me my old machine back with the SSD already reset to factory. As the employee probably just used the DiskUtil UI to wipe the drive, I was wondering if there was any way for me to get my data back by rebuilding the HFS volume tables back to their previous state for instance. Using a backup would take days to get everything back and I want to try the other options before restoring a backup that would corrupt the data and prevent any further recovery. Small issue: I only have a Sierra Recovery USB stick, so I can only use the terminal with whatever is already installed, like gpt, diskutil or pdisk. TestDisk for instance doesn’t work as it seems like it’s lacking some dependencies in this recovery environment.