How to compile C++ program on macOS?

My macOS version is:

$ uname -a
Darwin nanxiaos-MacBook-Pro.local 24.5.0 Darwin Kernel Version 24.5.0: Tue Apr 22 19:54:26 PDT 2025; root:xnu-11417.121.6~2/RELEASE_ARM64_T8112 arm64

I wrote a simple C++ program:

$ cat foo.cc
#include 

int main() {
    return 0;
}

But the compiler can't find the related header files:

$ c++ foo.cc
foo.cc:1:10: fatal error: 'vector' file not found
    1 | #include 
      |          ^~~~~~~~
1 error generated.

Per my understanding, if there is a C++ compiler installed, the related header files and libraries should be installed as well. So how to compile C++ program on macOS?