stuck on "still waiting for dracut initqueue hook" timeout

In an attempt to use my TPM module to automatically unlock the LUKS-encrypted LVM volume, I followed a guide and set up /etc/crypttab and installed dracut which then proceeded to create what I think are new initrd images (but it complained about a bunch of modules not existing). When I rebooted the system, it hangs for a long time on "initializing ramdisk" and then repeatedly prints

Warning: dracut-initqueue: starting timeout scripts
Warning: dracut-initqueue: still waiting for following initqueue hooks:
Warning: /lib/dracut/hooks/initqueue/finished/devexists-\x2fdev\x2fmapper\x2fubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv.sh: (cut for brevity)

And then finally prints Warning: could not boot before dropping me into an emergency mode shell. I'm not actually sure how to fix this. I don't know how to use the emergency shell, so I've tried using an Ubuntu live cd and unlocking the encrypted partition, chrooting into it and undoing the changes from the guide and regenerating initrd images, but to no avail. My lack of understanding of what goes on at a boot process and which files are loaded by which process is probably what's between me and the solution. Grub is responsible for loading initrd? And it finds initrd at the /boot partition? And I can use update-initramfs to create new initrd images? And initrd tries to load whatever script it is that's stuck? Is that correct? Is there a way to remove those hooks from the initrd script? How can I fix this? For completeness: * It's an EFI system * Secure boot is on * Dualboot with Windows * LVM was installed with LUKS encryption on the other partition