What happens if I plug in a single-male two-female USB connector and I try to connect a peripheral while charging?

I have an Android tablet and an external device that gets plugged into its microUSB port. This device is powered by the tablet through that port. If I plug in a cable that has a single male and two female ports as shown below, would I be able to plug in an external power supply (5V, 2A) to both charge the tablet and power the external device at the same time?