Apple Thunderbolt Display Causing Big Performance Problems with M1 Max MBP

I've got an OG Apple Thunderbolt Display that I'm connecting to a M1 Max MacBook Pro using the Apple Thunderbolt 2 to 3 adapter. It works for the most part, but I'm getting pretty drastic performance problems—display/mouse stutter, apps not responding or taking unusually log to display their contents, failure to keep up with keyboard input—that appear when I plug the display in and disappear when I unplug it. I can say that using a Thunderbolt 2 dock in the middle exhibits the same behavior and I don't see anything surprising in Activity Monitor. Any ideas or solutions to this problem anyone can suggest? Thanks.