I have a csv from a solar inverter and I need to input the data into a SQL database. The problem I have is that two inverters are in the same csv, so I need to split the csv into two or "do something" with the data from the first, then the second. This is a sample: #SmartLogger ESN:102469042181 #INV1 ESN:ES22B0048634 #Time;Upv1;Upv2;Upv3;Upv4;Upv5;Upv6;Upv7;Upv8;Ipv1;Ipv2;Ipv3;Ipv4;Ipv5;Ipv6;Ipv7;Ipv8;Uac1;Uac2;Uac3;Iac1;Iac2;Iac3;Status;Error;Temp;cos;fac;Pac;Qac;Eac;E-Day;E-Total;Cycle Time 08-12-2024 15:30:00;504.3;504.3;502.8;502.8;620.3;620.3;493.0;493.0;0.11;-0.04;0.13;-0.05;0.06;0.00;0.09;0.00;228.7;229.7;228.0;0.640;0.607;0.637;512;0;19.4;0.975;50.00;0.030;0.007;0.01;6.42;162.22;5; 08-12-2024 15:25:00;506.5;506.5;500.2;500.2;631.5;631.5;460.9;460.9;0.10;-0.04;0.12;-0.06;0.04;0.00;0.09;0.00;228.7;229.7;228.0;0.552;0.541;0.563;512;0;19.6;0.994;49.99;0.026;0.003;0.00;6.41;162.21;5; #INV2 ESN:ES22B0048591 #Time;Upv1;Upv2;Upv3;Upv4;Upv5;Upv6;Upv7;Upv8;Ipv1;Ipv2;Ipv3;Ipv4;Ipv5;Ipv6;Ipv7;Ipv8;Uac1;Uac2;Uac3;Iac1;Iac2;Iac3;Status;Error;Temp;cos;fac;Pac;Qac;Eac;E-Day;E-Total;Cycle Time 08-12-2024 15:30:00;480.3;480.3;492.7;492.7;377.1;377.1;386.9;386.9;-0.07;0.13;0.02;0.05;-0.01;0.07;0.02;0.00;229.6;231.3;231.7;0.510;0.469;0.523;512;0;19.5;0.999;50.00;0.045;-0.002;0.01;6.65;164.65;5; 08-12-2024 15:25:00;478.8;478.8;484.7;484.7;385.1;385.1;410.9;410.9;-0.07;0.12;0.02;0.04;-0.02;0.06;0.00;0.00;229.6;232.3;231.7;0.486;0.451;0.522;512;0;19.6;0.993;49.99;0.036;0.004;0.00;6.64;164.64;5; so I need to do soemthing with those lines: 08-12-2024 15:30:00;504.3;504.3;502.8;502.8;620.3;620.3;493.0;493.0;0.11;-0.04;0.13;-0.05;0.06;0.00;0.09;0.00;228.7;229.7;228.0;0.640;0.607;0.637;512;0;19.4;0.975;50.00;0.030;0.007;0.01;6.42;162.22;5; 08-12-2024 15:25:00;506.5;506.5;500.2;500.2;631.5;631.5;460.9;460.9;0.10;-0.04;0.12;-0.06;0.04;0.00;0.09;0.00;228.7;229.7;228.0;0.552;0.541;0.563;512;0;19.6;0.994;49.99;0.026;0.003;0.00;6.41;162.21;5; and then I need to do something with those lines: 08-12-2024 15:30:00;480.3;480.3;492.7;492.7;377.1;377.1;386.9;386.9;-0.07;0.13;0.02;0.05;-0.01;0.07;0.02;0.00;229.6;231.3;231.7;0.510;0.469;0.523;512;0;19.5;0.999;50.00;0.045;-0.002;0.01;6.65;164.65;5; 08-12-2024 15:25:00;478.8;478.8;484.7;484.7;385.1;385.1;410.9;410.9;-0.07;0.12;0.02;0.04;-0.02;0.06;0.00;0.00;229.6;232.3;231.7;0.486;0.451;0.522;512;0;19.6;0.993;49.99;0.036;0.004;0.00;6.64;164.64;5; nay idea how to distinguish between the both headers? Header one: #INV1 ESN:ES22B0048634 Header two: #INV2 ESN:ES22B0048591 those should be ignored: #Time;Upv1;Upv2;Upv3;Upv4;Upv5;Upv6;Upv7;Upv8;Ipv1;Ipv2;Ipv3;Ipv4;Ipv5;Ipv6;Ipv7;Ipv8;Uac1;Uac2;Uac3;Iac1;Iac2;Iac3;Status;Error;Temp;cos;fac;Pac;Qac;Eac;E-Day;E-Total;Cycle Time

I'm setting up FlightRadar24 and I'm trying to update the packages. I keep getting the same error. Thanks in advance, and yes, im a rookie. Setting up initramfs-tools (0.142+deb12u1) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.51-1+rpt3) ... /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools: update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory raspi-firmware: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it? run-parts: /etc/initramfs/post-update.d//z50-raspi-firmware exited with return code 1 run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (--configure): installed linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 Setting up linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.51-1+rpt3) ... /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools: update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (--configure): installed linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory raspi-firmware: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it? run-parts: /etc/initramfs/post-update.d//z50-raspi-firmware exited with return code 1 run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (--configure): installed linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-rpi-2712: linux-image-rpi-2712 depends on linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package linux-image-rpi-2712 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Setting up raspi-firmware (1:1.20240924-1) ... stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory Error: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it? dpkg: error processing package raspi-firmware (--configure): installed raspi-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-rpi-v8: linux-image-rpi-v8 depends on linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package linux-image-rpi-v8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712: linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 depends on linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3) | linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712-unsigned (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 is not configured yet. Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712-unsigned is not installed. dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8: linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 depends on linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3) | linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8-unsigned (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 is not configured yet. Package linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8-unsigned is not installed. dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-rpi-2712: linux-headers-rpi-2712 depends on linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-rpi-2712 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-rpi-v8: linux-headers-rpi-v8 depends on linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 (= 1:6.6.51-1+rpt3); however: Package linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-rpi-v8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142+deb12u1) ... ln: failed to create hard link '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8.dpkg-bak' => '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8': Operation not permitted update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory raspi-firmware: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it? run-parts: /etc/initramfs/post-update.d//z50-raspi-firmware exited with return code 1 dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure): installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 linux-image-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 linux-image-rpi-2712 raspi-firmware linux-image-rpi-v8 linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-2712 linux-headers-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8 linux-headers-rpi-2712 linux-headers-rpi-v8 initramfs-tools Also when i do a upgrade i get.... > **bookworm:~ $ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done > Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove > and 0 not upgraded. 10 not fully installed or removed. After this > operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.** And...

pi@pi24-bookworm:~ $ sudo apt-get full-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.142+rpt1+deb12u1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up raspi-firmware (1:1.20240924-2) ...
stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory
Error: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it?
dpkg: error processing package raspi-firmware (--configure):
 installed raspi-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142+rpt1+deb12u1) ...
ln: failed to create hard link '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8.dpkg-bak' => '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8': Operation not permitted
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8
pi@pi24-bookworm:~ $ sudo apt-get full-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.142+rpt1+deb12u1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up raspi-firmware (1:1.20240924-2) ...
stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory
Error: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it?
dpkg: error processing package raspi-firmware (--configure):
 installed raspi-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142+rpt1+deb12u1) ...
ln: failed to create hard link '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8.dpkg-bak' => '/boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8': Operation not permitted
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.51+rpt-rpi-v8
stat: cannot read file system information for '/boot/firmware': No such file or directory
raspi-firmware: missing /boot/firmware, did you forget to mount it?
run-parts: /etc/initramfs/post-update.d//z50-raspi-firmware exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
 installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 raspi-firmware
 initramfs-tools
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

I have a text file with lines (each of 631 characters) consisting of 16 hexadecimal numbers 0,1,2,...,9,A,B,...,F. I would like to replace each number with the corresponding 4 bits of 0 and 1, i.e. 0 with 0000, 1 with 0001, ..., F with 1111 and then save the file as .bin. How can I do so in Linux terminal? Some lines of my text file are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

I want to run a systemd service after the network is initialized, ideally as the last service to be run, but before the login screen displays. Additionally, I want to wait for the launched process to end before showing the login screen. It's a terminal-based (not graphical) login. How can I configure the service file to do this? My systems run Debian Buster, Bookworm, and Trixie.

I have now bumped into this problem several times - some podman containers get stuck in the stopping state, but I'm not sure how to tackle the problem.

[grant@patches patches]$ podman ps -a
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                               COMMAND               CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                     NAMES
434645aa71eb  docker.io/library/postgres:15.3     postgres              40 minutes ago  Stopping                                                 patches-psql

no amount of force killing seems to stop the process. Ex:

[grant@patches patches]$ podman kill patches-psql
2023-08-11T19:17:28.307348Z: open pidfd: No such process
Error: container state improper: stopped
[grant@patches patches]$ podman ps -a
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                               COMMAND               CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                     NAMES
434645aa71eb  docker.io/library/postgres:15.3     postgres              52 minutes ago  Stopping                                                 patches-psql

I can remove the container with rm -f but I haven't found a way to force it to stop and then restart it.

While checking the regulatory rules reported by "iw reg get" after setting my country code, I see that certain channels in the 5 GHz band are not allowed to be used if the equipment is outdoors in the UK (country code GB):

:/tmp# iw reg get
global
country GB: DFS-ETSI
        (2400 - 2483 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
        (5150 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR, AUTO-BW
        (5250 - 5350 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), NO-OUTDOOR, DFS, AUTO-BW
        (5470 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 26), (0 ms), DFS
        (5725 - 5850 @ 80), (N/A, 23), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR
        (5925 - 6425 @ 160), (N/A, 23), (N/A), NO-OUTDOOR
        (57000 - 71000 @ 2160), (N/A, 40), (N/A)

I'm left wondering whether there is any configuration (e.g. in hostapd's configuration file) to tell the device whether it is indoors or outdoors and so whether it allowed to use these restricted channels? In particular, Automatic Channel Selection might need to know whether the equipment is indoors or outdoors.

I have a remote machine that I must access through a proxy, and so I have set up the remote's ssh alias like so:

Host server
    HostName server-ip
    User my-username
    ProxyCommand ssh my-proxy-machine-alias -W %h:%p
    ServerAliveInterval 30

Both machines are behind a VPN and are set up to require me to use a password when logging in. I **cannot** automate login with ssh keys on these machines. When I set up for work, I mount several directories from the server machine onto my local machine, and running all these commands every time becomes very tedious as I am required to enter my password twice for each mount I wish to create. Therefore I tried to automate this task. At first I tried using a bash script but got stuck. Then I tried using expect, but that failed to work through the proxy for some reason. Recently, I tried again using something like the following:

#!/bin/bash

read -s -p "Enter your password: " user_password
echo

sshfs -o password_stdin server: . <<< $user_password

This is working! But I don't get it -- doesn't this only pass in my password one time? When I run sshfs manually, I have to enter my password twice. So my question is: why does this work?

Can I forward traffic coming into a dummy interface on to another interface? Or is it not a real interface at all even? Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- dummy0 eth6 anywhere anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth6 dummy0 anywhere anywhere I want all traffic reaching eth6 to go to dummy0, and all traffic reaching dummy0 to go to eth6. Should I be doing something else really? (I can't use bridges or bonding).

If I use mv to move a folder called "folder" to a directory that already contains "folder" will they merge or will it be replaced?

I'm creating a shell script that would take a filename/path to a file and determine if the file is a symbolic link or a hard link. The only thing is, I don't know how to see if they are a hard link. I created 2 files, one a hard link and one a symbolic link, to use as a test file. But how would I determine if a file is a hard link or symbolic within a shell script? Also, how would I find the destination partition of a symbolic link? So let's say I have a file that links to a different partition, how would I find the path to that original file?

I've got a NixOS box on the nixos-16.03 channel. I want the machine to stay in a stable state, and so I avoid switching to nixos-unstable. I need to install a newer version of a package than is available in that channel (nodejs-6_x). In the manual, there is a section that describes [One-Click Installation](https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#sec-one-click) , which seemed at first like exactly what I needed. The Hydra server at http://hydra.nixos.org doesn't appear to be serving up any .nixpkg files which are used by the nix-install-package tool described in that section. The wiki also documents a process by which one can customize a package (the page is called [Modifying Packages](https://nixos.org/wiki/Nix_Modifying_Packages)) , which could be used for my purposes, although it seems like I'd be fighting the tool rather than _using_ it. In IRC, M-Ralith advised to "override src and version in your nixpkgs config", which sounds like I could write a nix expression in .nixpkgs/configuration.nix and override those properties for the package in my subscribed channel (nixos-16.03). When I asked about packages that don't exist in the channel, the advice was "to specify the entire package rather than just overriding src and version", which I take to mean that I would need to duplicate the entire nix expression for the package I'm interested in. It seems to me that this would have the effect of preventing nix-env from ever updating that package should the stable channel catch up or overtake the version that I use to override. For packages that _exist in another channel_ that I want to install, but stay on my current channel, is there a better way? It almost feels like I should be able to do something like nix-build | nix-env -i. What would be ideal is to install this one off, but not have configuration that might prevent it from being upgraded later on if my current channel were to catch up.

How can I write a simple derivation to package a program for nix and how can I create a PR to include it in nixpkgs?

Guix is based on Nix. I know that Guix uses Scheme and has only free software in repos. What are the main differences between them?

What is the difference between chmod 775 and chmod 2755?

Aug 08 01:55:13 
░░ Subject: A start job for unit gvmd.service has begun e>
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support 
░░ 
░░ A start job for unit gvmd.service has begun execution.
░░ 
░░

What is the NixOS-way to put a configuration file in /etc? E.g. I want to drop /etc/nanorc. I found discussions about programming it into /etc/nixos/configuration.nix...

i am an Arch Linux user from Russia so some websites are not working for me. I tried app VPN(Proton VPN), firefox VPNs and other but none of them work! Is there any solution for me?

I'd like to know if apk add is capable of automatically assuming yes to any prompts when installing a new package on Alpine Linux? I'm familiar with running something like apt-get install -y curl on Ubuntu and wondering if there's an equivalent command for my use case.

Something is adjusting the volume. This is a recurring problem for me on Linux. I've had Zoom do it. I've had Discord do it. A lot of programs try to auto adjust my volume. I'd like to know if there is a way to snoop on that event and see what program is doing it? Is there anyway to introspect volume changes and mic volume changes?

Operating System: KDE neon User Edition KDE Plasma Version: 6.4.3 KDE Frameworks Version: 6.16.0 Qt Version: 6.9.1 Kernel Version: 6.16.0-061600-generic (64-bit) Graphics Platform: Wayland Processors: 6 × Intel® Core™ i5-9500 CPU @ 3.00GHz Audio Hardware: Intel® UHD Graphics 630 HDMI output to a Denon receiver Problem Description: My system has a working 7.1 audio setup, but it is incorrectly downmixing multi-channel audio sources to stereo. When I play a multi-channel audio file, only the front-left and front-right speakers produce sound. The speaker test in my sound settings works perfectly for all 7.1 channels, confirming the hardware and drivers are functioning correctly. A PipeWire graph screenshot from helvum showed that VLC was correctly outputting a 7.1 signal, which confirms the issue is a downmixing problem, not a problem with the source. Troubleshooting Steps Taken (with Outcomes): I have exhausted all standard and non-standard methods for enabling upmixing and preventing downmixing. Each attempt to modify a configuration file has led to a critical failure of the audio stack. The system has been restored to a working state after each failure. Attempted wireplumber policy edits: Action: I tried to change the ["audio.no-dsp"] value from false to true in /usr/share/wireplumber/policy.lua.d/10-default-policy.lua. Result: This caused the entire audio stack to fail. I had no sound, and the system reported "no input or output devices found." The system was restored by copying a backup of the original file. Attempted other configuration file edits: Action: I attempted to add upmixing rules to both pipewire.conf and 10-default-policy.lua. Result: Both attempts caused the respective services to crash with "Connection lost" or "no input or output devices found" errors. Used pactl commands: Action: I used pactl load-module to create virtual sinks with module-remap-sink and module-remap-channels. Result: The module-remap-sink command successfully created a sink, but the audio still did not upmix. The module-remap-channels command failed with a "No such entity" error. Attempted to switch to PulseAudio: Action: I tried to install the ubuntustudio-pulseaudio-config package to switch my audio backend. Result: The installation removed pipewire-alsa due to a dependency conflict, leaving the system with a broken audio setup. The system was restored by reinstalling the PipeWire stack. Final Conclusion and Call for Help: All troubleshooting paths lead to a critical failure of the audio stack when standard configuration changes are made. The issue is not with the configuration file syntax, but with a deeper logic problem that prevents the system from correctly handling the multi-channel audio. I am looking for a solution that can either: Address why standard configuration changes are causing critical failures on my system. Provide a reliable way to get a multi-channel audio source to play correctly without downmixing. Suggest a different, more stable method to switch from PipeWire to a working PulseAudio stack on KDE neon. Thanks Ysalmon... Ysalmon has my Solution @ https://askubuntu.com/posts/1528102/revisions