Changed EXIF dates and file attributes are not recognized on Android

I had several jpeg images stored on a MicroSDXC card that had incorrect dates, year 2000, which were taken in 2010. I inserted this SD card into slot and used EXIFtool to correct dates, which were correct afterwards - date information was stored in DateTime, DateTimeOriginal, DateTimeDigitized. I also changed File created, File modified date from the EXIF tag by using BulkFileChanger , so it shows the correct year in file system. I used TeraCopy to copy modified files onto SD card and used Transfer: Data, Timestamps, Attributes, Streams + Transfer options were set to "Verify files after transfer". I inserted this SD card back into Samsung Android phone and opened Google Photos app, the photos were still being showed wrongly at the end of timeline, in the year 2000. I cleaned cache of the app (Google photos and Gallery Go) and it didn't help. I also saw that images on which I changed EXIF dates had prefix in their file names, something like ~~adt00000416~~DSC03040.JPG, and are stored in storage/01D0-A640/DCIM/folder/~~adt00000416~~DSC03040.JPG. I moved those files again from Windows to SD card but with TeraCopy Streams and Attributes disabled, but it didn't solve the issue on Android. File dates were showing correctly on the SD card (checked via irfanview exif info and file explorer) though and incorrect dates are nowhere to be seen. Is it possible somehow Android has cached metadata of those files and perhaps even stores them hidden somewhere (hence that extra prefix in filename), and refuses to show metadata of newly modified files?