How to clone HDD to SSD with FileVault enabled?

I use an Apple MacBook Pro 13'' mid-2012 with a **1 TB HDD**. FileVault is enabled so the **disk is encrypted**. I'm using macOS Mojave 10.14.6. I purchased an **1 TB SSD** (Crucial MX 500, CT1000MX500SSD1). I want to **clone from the HDD to the SSD**, in order to transfer the data and the OS in their current state. I want to avoid using a third-party software, so I tried to use **Disk Utility** with the "restore" feature. How should I proceed? How should I format the SSD before? I tried formatting the SSD under APFS. Then I launched a restore operation from my HDD (internal) to SSD (external). But it consistently fails with *"OSStatus error 28"*, saying *"could not restore - no free space on the device"*, *"the operation could not be completed"*, *"the operation failed"*, *"the destination does not have enough space"*. I don't understand because both disks are supposed to have the same capacity.