I want to output every Column / Field, but when I do it with the $0 variable, it ignores the default OFS variable which is a single space, so the :'s still get printed. Here is the command I tried:

cat /etc/passwd | awk -F':' '{print $0}'

Given this sample input:

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin

I get this output from my command:

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin

But I want my output to look like this:

root x 0 0 root /root /bin/bash
daemon x 1 1 daemon /usr/sbin /usr/sbin/nologin

--- Thanks for your help :)

I'm trying to install qemu in Debian 12 (bookworm). I've just run apt update and apt dist-upgrade to ensure that everything is up to date. When I try to install my desired package, I get this error:

root@barracuda:~# apt install qemu-system-x86
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  ipxe-qemu libcacard0 libcapstone4 libdaxctl1 libexecs0 libfdt1 libfmt9 libgfapi0 libgfrpc0 libgfxdr0
  libglusterfs0 libiscsi7 libndctl6 libpmem1 librados2 librbd1 libslirp0 libspice-server1 libssh-4
  liburing2 libusbredirparser1 libvdeplug2 libvirglrenderer1 ovmf qemu-block-extra qemu-system-common
  qemu-system-data qemu-system-gui qemu-utils seabios
Suggested packages:
  samba vde2
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ipxe-qemu libcacard0 libcapstone4 libdaxctl1 libexecs0 libfdt1 libfmt9 libgfapi0 libgfrpc0 libgfxdr0
  libglusterfs0 libiscsi7 libndctl6 libpmem1 librados2 librbd1 libslirp0 libspice-server1 libssh-4
  liburing2 libusbredirparser1 libvdeplug2 libvirglrenderer1 ovmf qemu-block-extra qemu-system-common
  qemu-system-data qemu-system-gui qemu-system-x86 qemu-utils seabios
0 upgraded, 31 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 43.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 139 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 ipxe-qemu all 1.0.0+git-20190125.36a4c85-5.1 [766 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libcacard0 amd64 1:2.8.0-3 [91.1 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libcapstone4 amd64 4.0.2-5 [569 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libdaxctl1 amd64 76.1-1 [21.1 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libexecs0 amd64 1.3-2 [8,840 B]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libfdt1 amd64 1.6.1-4+b1 [19.0 kB]
Get:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libfmt9 amd64 9.1.0+ds1-2 [113 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libgfxdr0 amd64 10.3-5 [3,106 kB]
Get:9 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libglusterfs0 amd64 10.3-5 [3,347 kB]
Get:10 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libgfrpc0 amd64 10.3-5 [3,131 kB]
Get:11 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libgfapi0 amd64 10.3-5 [3,158 kB]
Get:12 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libiscsi7 amd64 1.19.0-3 [67.4 kB]
Get:13 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libndctl6 amd64 76.1-1 [61.7 kB]
Get:14 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libpmem1 amd64 1.12.1-2 [90.0 kB]
Get:15 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 librados2 amd64 16.2.15+ds-0+deb12u1 [3,249 kB]
Get:16 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 librbd1 amd64 16.2.15+ds-0+deb12u1 [2,404 kB]
Get:17 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libslirp0 amd64 4.7.0-1 [63.0 kB]
Get:18 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libspice-server1 amd64 0.15.1-1 [346 kB]
Get:19 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libssh-4 amd64 0.10.6-0+deb12u1 [189 kB]
Get:20 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 liburing2 amd64 2.3-3 [12.6 kB]
Get:21 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libusbredirparser1 amd64 0.13.0-2 [18.7 kB]
Get:22 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libvdeplug2 amd64 4.0.1-4 [27.9 kB]
Get:23 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libvirglrenderer1 amd64 0.10.4-1 [349 kB]
Get:24 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 ovmf all 2022.11-6+deb12u2 [7,683 kB]
Err:25 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 qemu-system-common amd64 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u12
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
Get:26 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main i386 qemu-system-data all 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u13 [1,294 kB]
Get:27 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 seabios all 1.16.2-1 [163 kB]
Err:28 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 qemu-system-x86 amd64 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u12
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
Err:29 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 qemu-utils amd64 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u12
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
Err:30 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 qemu-block-extra amd64 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u12
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
Err:31 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 qemu-system-gui amd64 1:7.2+dfsg-7+deb12u12
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
Fetched 30.3 MB in 0s (81.2 MB/s)
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-system-common_7.2%2bdfsg-7%2bdeb12u12_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-system-x86_7.2%2bdfsg-7%2bdeb12u12_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-utils_7.2%2bdfsg-7%2bdeb12u12_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-block-extra_7.2%2bdfsg-7%2bdeb12u12_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/q/qemu/qemu-system-gui_7.2%2bdfsg-7%2bdeb12u12_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.2.132 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

If I open the package repository in a browser, the package apt is looking for does seem to be absent: Note that there is a deb12u13 revision of this package, but apt is trying to fetch deb12u12. This is not some quirk of qemu-system-x86. I tried installing inkscape and got a similar error:

root@barracuda:~# apt install inkscape
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fig2dev lib2geom1.2.0 libimage-magick-perl libimage-magick-q16-perl libmagick++-6.q16-8
  python3-cssselect python3-scour
Suggested packages:
  xfig dia inkscape-tutorials libsvg-perl pstoedit python3-uniconvertor imagemagick-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fig2dev inkscape lib2geom1.2.0 libimage-magick-perl libimage-magick-q16-perl libmagick++-6.q16-8
  python3-cssselect python3-scour
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 22.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 106 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Err:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libimage-magick-q16-perl amd64 8:6.9.11.60+dfsg-1.6+deb12u2
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main i386 libimage-magick-perl all 8:6.9.11.60+dfsg-1.6+deb12u3 [53.3 kB]
Err:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 fig2dev amd64 1:3.2.8b-3
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 lib2geom1.2.0 amd64 1.2.2-3 [367 kB]
Err:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 libmagick++-6.q16-8 amd64 8:6.9.11.60+dfsg-1.6+deb12u2
  404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 inkscape amd64 1.2.2-2+b1 [20.6 MB]
Get:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 python3-cssselect all 1.2.0-2 [21.6 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 python3-scour all 0.38.2-2 [58.0 kB]
Fetched 21.1 MB in 1s (23.6 MB/s)         
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/i/imagemagick/libimage-magick-q16-perl_6.9.11.60%2bdfsg-1.6%2bdeb12u2_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/f/fig2dev/fig2dev_3.2.8b-3_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/i/imagemagick/libmagick%2b%2b-6.q16-8_6.9.11.60%2bdfsg-1.6%2bdeb12u2_amd64.deb   404  Not Found [IP: 151.101.194.132 80]
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

Again, navigating to the repo in a browser shows a deb12u3 version of the package, but apt is trying to fetch deb12u2: I think my underlying issue is that apt, despite having just been updated, seems to believe the obsolete packages still exist in the repo. Does anyone know how I can diagnose why it is doing this, and fix it? Thanks! Edit: As requested by Stephen Kitt, adding the output of apt update (it reports errors for some repos, but not the deb.debian.org one. Note that the output of apt install qemu-system-x86 is unchanged after running apt update):

root@barracuda:~# apt update
Get:1 file:/var/cudnn-local-repo-debian12-9.7.1  InRelease [1,572 B]
Get:1 file:/var/cudnn-local-repo-debian12-9.7.1  InRelease [1,572 B]
Hit:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security  bookworm-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm InRelease                                                  
Hit:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm-updates InRelease                                          
Get:5 https://repo.steampowered.com/steam  stable InRelease [2,858 B]                                   
Hit:6 https://repository.spotify.com  stable InRelease                                                  
Ign:7 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm InRelease                                               
Get:8 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm Release [6,606 B]                             
Get:9 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm Release.gpg [488 B]                                     
Get:10 https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/debian12/x86_64   InRelease [1,581 B]   
Err:5 https://repo.steampowered.com/steam  stable InRelease                           
  The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F24AEA9FB05498B7
Hit:11 https://packagecloud.io/slacktechnologies/slack/debian  jessie InRelease
Get:12 https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/debian12/x86_64   Packages [1,113 kB]
Hit:13 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm/main amd64 Packages
Err:13 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm/main amd64 Packages                   
  Hash Sum mismatch
  Hashes of expected file:
   - Filesize:2729 [weak]
   - SHA512:84a9c13f5151a4c560fd7b36392576cca74bc82d05f4d8a1b81d82fa2320ec59d9348444eae4272d34a6f880bd1e863667ab8fe2242d5d6c0607ff0dc5fbb996
   - SHA256:03e0ae5de96b915d2ac0c06b54ccd280cb4149f9fe8d9b5e137797a720541a8f
   - SHA1:518d5e4d5b144f8f60009bb68d0556474924e3f9 [weak]
   - MD5Sum:6cbcc6f1d1624680d0b4f15f27ef2d66 [weak]
  Hashes of received file:
   - SHA512:ce6c88369ab72f04e23c8980d25d7c93f3b1612337358fb09a0836c488c62ac325ee6a212972352b3db9c2300e8b843b58e17b245122ab172481ffdb7950d246
   - SHA256:e05a6bb2144fe03f698e00056775e40658165f4e90e0a02098660fbf8a00a3d2
   - SHA1:d3f88a84d5ef0eb0832142d036d41c2ec2939d89 [weak]
   - MD5Sum:6cba58abf61f6b9e321b0231f72282ab [weak]
   - Filesize:2729 [weak]
  Release file created at: Fri, 30 May 2025 19:08:40 +0000
Hit:14 http://linux.dropbox.com/debian  bookworm/main i386 Packages                    
Fetched 1,125 kB in 1s (1,472 kB/s)             
Reading package lists... Done
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://repo.steampowered.com/steam  stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F24AEA9FB05498B7
W: Failed to fetch https://repo.steampowered.com/steam/dists/stable/InRelease   The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F24AEA9FB05498B7
E: Failed to fetch store:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/linux.dropbox.com_debian_dists_bookworm_main_binary-amd64_Packages  Hash Sum mismatch
   Hashes of expected file:
    - Filesize:2729 [weak]
    - SHA512:84a9c13f5151a4c560fd7b36392576cca74bc82d05f4d8a1b81d82fa2320ec59d9348444eae4272d34a6f880bd1e863667ab8fe2242d5d6c0607ff0dc5fbb996
    - SHA256:03e0ae5de96b915d2ac0c06b54ccd280cb4149f9fe8d9b5e137797a720541a8f
    - SHA1:518d5e4d5b144f8f60009bb68d0556474924e3f9 [weak]
    - MD5Sum:6cbcc6f1d1624680d0b4f15f27ef2d66 [weak]
   Hashes of received file:
    - SHA512:ce6c88369ab72f04e23c8980d25d7c93f3b1612337358fb09a0836c488c62ac325ee6a212972352b3db9c2300e8b843b58e17b245122ab172481ffdb7950d246
    - SHA256:e05a6bb2144fe03f698e00056775e40658165f4e90e0a02098660fbf8a00a3d2
    - SHA1:d3f88a84d5ef0eb0832142d036d41c2ec2939d89 [weak]
    - MD5Sum:6cba58abf61f6b9e321b0231f72282ab [weak]
    - Filesize:2729 [weak]
   Release file created at: Fri, 30 May 2025 19:08:40 +0000
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

I have a secondary backup drive that is usually stored offsite, but sometimes mounted. I'd like to put something in a crontab that automatically clones my backup drive to the secondary backup if it's mounted. I know that I could do something like: if [ -d $target_dir ]; then rsync -a --delete $src_dir $target_dir; fi but I'm wondering if there's a way to ask rsync the same thing, without resorting to a shell script? Given that it has 6.02*10^23 command line options, you'd think so...

Suppose I have filenames like these 4-bit patterns:

0000.ts  
0001.ts  
...  
1111.ts

Basically, that file was generated from an RTSP stream that chunks every second. So, for each binary number increment by 1, it represents a 1-second chunk of video. Why do I prefer this pattern? Because I can control filtering with granularity based on powers of 2 using asterisks. For example:

ls 111*.ts   -> gets 2 seconds of video starting at 00:00:14  

ls 10*.ts    -> gets 4 seconds of video starting at 00:00:08

...and you get the idea for the rest.

But with ffmpeg, I can just do this using base 10 (i.e., Unix timestamp). Here are the ffmpeg flags I use:

-i rtsp://10.42.0.128:554/stream1  
     -c copy  
     -f segment  
     -segment_time 15  
     -reset_timestamps 1  
     -strftime 1  
     -segment_format mpegts  
     "/mnt/recordings/%s.ts"

You see that I’m using %s to get the Unix timestamp in base 10. What I really want is that Unix timestamp—but as a 64-bit version that printed in base2.

I'm new to linux and I've been running into some trouble. I use linux mint and sometimes (fairly often) after my laptop goes to sleep it freezes completely when it wakes up. I can't move the mouse, click, use the keyboard, or open a terminal. The only way I can get out of it is to force shutdown. I've used several different distros and they all have this problem. Is there any kind of fix to this or should I just go back to windows? Laptop model: Toshiba Satellite S50D-A Mint version: Linux Mint 18.1 Serena inxi -Fxzc0 output: System: Host: jack-pc Kernel: 4.4.0-53-generic x86_64 (64 bit gcc: 5.4.0) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.2.6 (Gtk 3.18.9-1ubuntu3.1) Distro: Linux Mint 18.1 Serena Machine: System: TOSHIBA (portable) product: Satellite S50D-A v: PSKKWC-00G005 Mobo: AMD model: VG10AD Bios: Insyde v: 1.30 date: 11/05/2013 CPU: Quad core AMD A10-5745M APU with Radeon HD Graphics (-MCP-) cache: 8192 KB flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 svm) bmips: 16769 clock speeds: max: 2100 MHz 1: 1500 MHz 2: 1800 MHz 3: 2100 MHz 4: 1500 MHz Graphics: Card-1: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Richland [Radeon HD 8610G] bus-ID: 00:01.0 Card-2: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Sun PRO [Radeon HD 8570A/8570M] bus-ID: 01:00.0 Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: ati,radeon (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: 1366x768@60.00hz GLX Renderer: Gallium 0.4 on AMD ARUBA (DRM 2.43.0, LLVM 3.8.0) GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 Direct Rendering: Yes Audio: Card-1 Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:14.2 Card-2 Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Trinity HDMI Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:01.1 Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.4.0-53-generic Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8188EE Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8188ee port: 3000 bus-ID: 02:00.0 IF: wlp2s0 state: up mac: Card-2: Qualcomm Atheros QCA8172 Fast Ethernet driver: alx port: 2000 bus-ID: 03:00.0 IF: enp3s0 state: down mac: Drives: HDD Total Size: 500.1GB (2.7% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: WDC_WD5000BPVX size: 500.1GB temp: 26C Partition: ID-1: / size: 452G used: 5.9G (2%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1 ID-2: swap-1 size: 7.73GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/dm-0 RAID: No RAID devices: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 36.1C mobo: N/A gpu: 33.0,N/A Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A Info: Processes: 269 Uptime: 11:51 Memory: 909.9/7178.3MB Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Gcc sys: 5.4.0 Client: Shell (bash 4.3.461) inxi: 2.2.35

I am trying to mount two subdirectories from the same share name but cannot get it to work. # Mount the two different subfolders: # $server and $share are the same - the subfolder differs: $ subfolderA=a/b/c $ subfolderB=x/y/z $ mount -t cifs //$server/$share/$subfolderA /mnt/dirA $ mount -t cifs //$server/$share/$subfolderB /mnt/dirB # Traverse the directories - I see the same file in both directories (should only be be in dirA) $ find /mnt/dir[AB] -name fda.txt -ls 707409139 1024 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15 May 28 08:50 /mnt/dirA/fda.txt 707409139 1024 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15 May 28 08:50 /mnt/dirB/fda.txt # Mount in opposite order: $ umount /mnt/dirA $ umount /mnt/dirB $ mount -t cifs //$server/$share/$subfolderB /mnt/dirB $ mount -t cifs //$server/$share/$subfolderA /mnt/dirA # Traverse the directories - I do not see the file fda.txt at all $ find /mnt/dir[AB] -name fda.txt -ls I have verified my access to the different subfolders using smbclient and it gives me the expected results. The reason for having two separate mounts instead of just one, is because I do not have access to the share itself, but only to the subfolders.

In pulseaudio I use to be able to completely disable an audio device using something like:

pactl list short modules | grep -E "Logitech_BRIO|platform-skl"
pactl unload-module 15 # ID of device I wanted to disable

Which would prevent the device from appearing in any applications or most audio configuration settings (Like Cinnamon desktop Sound Settings). Now using Pipewire the individual devices no longer appear as modules, and even after reading thru the [Migrate PulseAudio wiki](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pipewire/pipewire/-/wikis/Migrate-PulseAudio) I don't see how to entirely disable a device. Even using pavucontrol to set the configuration profile to off doesn't remove the device. Is there a way to completely disable an input or output device when using Pipewire?

I'm trying to install libqt4-dev on Ubuntu 20.04 but I get the following errors:

-shellsession
kjs@PC:~/Downloads$ sudo apt-get install -y libqt4-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... 50%
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libqt4-dev : Depends: libqt4-dbus (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-declarative (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-designer (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-dev-bin (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7)
              Depends: libqt4-help (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-network (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-qt3support (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-script (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-scripttools (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-sql (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-svg (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-test (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-xml (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqt4-xmlpatterns (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqtcore4 (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libqtgui4 (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: qt4-linguist-tools (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7)
              Depends: qt4-qmake (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7)
              Depends: qtchooser (>= 55-gc9562a1-1~)
              Recommends: libqt4-opengl-dev (= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but it is not going to be installed
 libqtgui4:i386 : Depends: libpng12-0:i386 (>= 1.2.13-4) but it is not going to be installed
                  Recommends: qt-at-spi:i386 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

After this I tried:

-shell
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rock-core/qt4 
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libqtcore4

and got the following error:

-shellsession
~$ sudo apt-get install libqtcore4
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libqtcore4 : Breaks: libqtcore4:i386 (!= 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7) but 4:4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2 is to be installed
 libqtcore4:i386 : Breaks: libqtcore4 (!= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2) but 5:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu4rock7 is to be installed
 libqtgui4:i386 : Depends: libpng12-0:i386 (>= 1.2.13-4) but it is not going to be installed
                  Recommends: qt-at-spi:i386 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

I also tried to install Qt5 using the following command:

-shell
sudo apt-get install git g++ python libeigen3-dev zlib1g-dev libqt5opengl5-dev libqt5svg5-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libfftw3-dev libtiff5-dev libpng-dev

and got the following error:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
g++ is already the newest version (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2).
g++ set to manually installed.
libpng-dev is already the newest version (1.6.37-2).
git is already the newest version (1:2.25.1-1ubuntu3.10).
libgl1-mesa-dev is already the newest version (21.2.6-0ubuntu0.1~20.04.2).
libgl1-mesa-dev set to manually installed.
zlib1g-dev is already the newest version (1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.5).
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libfftw3-dev : Depends: libfftw3-bin (= 3.3.8-2ubuntu1)
                Depends: libfftw3-double3 (= 3.3.8-2ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: libfftw3-long3 (= 3.3.8-2ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: libfftw3-quad3 (= 3.3.8-2ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
 libqt5opengl5-dev : Depends: libqt5opengl5 (= 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: qtbase5-dev (= 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1)
 libqt5svg5-dev : Depends: libqt5svg5 (= 5.12.8-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
 libqtgui4:i386 : Depends: libpng12-0:i386 (>= 1.2.13-4) but it is not going to be installed
                  Recommends: qt-at-spi:i386 but it is not going to be installed
 python : PreDepends: python-minimal (= 2.7.11-1) but it is not going to be installed
          Depends: python2.7 (>= 2.7.11-1~) but it is not going to be installed
          Depends: libpython-stdlib (= 2.7.11-1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

While firing commands in CLI, **I want to copy the command I just fired** or anything I wrote in terminal and **paste it somewhere else** without using mouse. Like in following picture, I want to copy the update command (completely or partially) without using mouse and paste it somewhere.

I have KDE's Spacebar installed on my Librem 5 but cannot figure out how to access/receive MMS messages. (edited image example) I added my MMS settings but still get the message above: Have any of you been able to receive MMS messages? I am attempting to receive cat photos. The screenshot was taken on Mobian. **Edit**: I am using AT&T (sometimes refered to as ATT) but would prefer a carrier-independent solution so that other may recieve help here as well

Up until yesterday, everything was working find and os-prober was successfully generating menu entries for the Arch Linux install. However today when I tried to boot into Arch, I got an error that the root file system could not be found at the UUID it was trying to use. After some tinkering I was able to get Arch to boot by manually changing the root to the actual partition "/dev/sda7" as opposed to using UUID. I was wondering what might cause os-prober to be generating this invalid configuration just for the Arch Linux install. It does fine still for the openSUSE and Windows 7 installs. One other thing to note is that it has added "rw quiet" to the end of the boot line for Arch Linux. That is not something it previously did, and I am wondering if whatever changed that has to do with why the UUID is incorrect. Below I will post the menu entry for Arch Linux. As you can see os-prober has the --set-root= 'some UUID' part with the correct UUID, but later on when booting linux it has -root=UUID='some other incorrect UUID'. Just to clarify, I have Ubuntu, Arch Linux, openSUSE, and Windows 7 on this machine, but I am using Ubuntu as the main OS and allowing it to manage GRUB and its configurations. All of the operating systems are at their most up-to-date versions. menuentry 'Arch (on /dev/sda7)' --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-gnulinux-simple-b9522736-878c-49e3-b30d-ad65589aa1d9' { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos7' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos7 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos7 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos7 b9522736-878c-49e3-b30d-ad65589aa1d9 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b9522736-878c-49e3-b30d-ad65589aa1d9 fi linux /boot/vmlinuz-linux root=UUID=ad4103fa-d940-47ca-8506-301d8071d467 rw quiet initrd /boot/initramfs-linux.img } As you can see the first two UUIDs are different from the last one. The first two are correct and the last one is wrong. If I replace the last UUID with '/dev/sda7', Then it boots without problem. I have manually edited the grub.cfg to do this, but I would like os-prober to get back to working automatically. Thanks.

I'm trying to do a fresh install and use systemd-boot as the bootloader for my ESP, but in the [install instructions](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/systemd-boot#EFI_boot) on step 4 it says: > Copy your kernel and initramfs onto that ESP. But where are vmlinuz-linux and initramfs-linux.img located? I can't find them for the life of me. Do I need to install bootctl before those files are available? Nothing exists in /boot in either my Arch Linux install disk or the partitions that I'm working with

Scenario -------- - a NFS share is mounted on /mnt/temp/dir (and other shares are mounted in subdirectories), - I umount everything there but supposedly, it doesn't work well (maybe I start with umount /mnt/temp/dir instead of umounting "nested" shares like /mnt/temp/dir/subdir* first), - I do mount -o bind /data/temp /mnt/temp, - I do mount /mnt/temp/dir, - I do mount /mnt/temp/dir/subdir1... and it works well. Note: /mnt/temp is initially hosted on the root (/) filesystem /dev/sda6, and /data is another filesystem from /dev/sda8. Problem ------- I cannot delete the /mnt/temp/dir directory on the root filesystem: # mount -o bind / /test/root # rmdir /test/root/mnt/temp/dir rmdir: failed to remove `dir': Device or resource busy Some explanation ----------------- /mnt/temp/dir is mounted ***twice***, probably once on the root fs, and once on the /data fs. Here is cat /proc/mounts: nfsserver:/some/share/ /mnt/temp/dir nfs rw,relatime(...) 0 0 nfsserver:/some/share/ /mnt/temp/dir nfs rw,relatime,(...) 0 0 More interesting, here is cat /proc/1/mountinfo: 29 20 0:18 / /mnt/temp/dir rw,relatime - nfs nfsserver:/some/share/ rw,(...) 33 31 0:18 / /mnt/temp/dir rw,relatime - nfs nfsserver:/some/share/ rw,(...) See, the two numbers at the beginning are *different*. Kernel doc says for these two fields: (1) mount ID: unique identifier of the mount (may be reused after umount) (2) parent ID: ID of parent (or of self for the top of the mount tree) They also have different parents 20 and 31 (root fs and /data fs), see: 20 1 8:6 / / rw,relatime - ext4 /dev/sda6 rw,(...) 31 20 8:8 /temp /mnt/temp rw,relatime - ext4 /dev/sda8 rw,(...) If I try to umount /mnt/temp/dir, I get 2 error messages: umount.nfs: /mnt/temp/dir: device is busy umount.nfs: /mnt/temp/dir: device is busy Question ======== **How can I umount the "bad" one (mount ID 29)?** Even the umount(2) system call takes a path for argument, and not a "mount ID".

On Debian 12 bullseye all works fine. This is the situation on Debian Trixie (released stable some days ago) lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3227 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3312 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3312 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3312 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3382 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3382 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3382 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3436 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3436 to "net" of 3 lxc-ls: ../src/lxc/utils.c: switch_to_ns: 900 Operation not permitted - Failed to set process 3436 to "net" of 3 NAME STATE AUTOSTART GROUPS IPV4 IPV6 UNPRIVILEGED cacti1 RUNNING 0 - - - true certauth1 RUNNING 0 - - - true dns1 RUNNING 0 - - - true Seems working, but.. lxc-attach dns1 lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/cgroups/cgfsng.c: enter_scope: 1335 Failed opening dbus connection lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/cgroups/cgfsng.c: cgroup_attach_move_into_leaf: 2859 Failed entering scope 'lxc-dns1-0.scope' lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/cgroups/cgfsng.c: cgroup_attach_move_into_leaf: 2897 Permission denied - Failed to move process into target cgroup via fd 7 and 8 lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/conf.c: userns_exec_minimal: 4685 Permission denied - Running parent function failed lxcunpriv@nas:~$ lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/attach.c: do_attach: 1238 No data available - Failed to receive lsm label fd lxc-attach: dns1: ../src/lxc/attach.c: do_attach: 1376 Failed to attach to container The containers are unprivileged I have tried with systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=false and not but same result. After some seconds all containers fails NAME STATE AUTOSTART GROUPS IPV4 IPV6 UNPRIVILEGED cacti1 STOPPED 0 - - - true certauth1 STOPPED 0 - - - true dns1 STOPPED 0 - - - true Trying with debug lxc-start -n dns1 -F -l DEBUG -o /tmp/lxc-nomecontainer.log lxc-start: dns1: ../src/lxc/cgroups/cgfsng.c: unpriv_systemd_create_scope: 1526 Failed opening dbus connection Failed to mount cgroup at /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd: Operation not permitted [!!!!!!] Failed to mount API filesystems. Exiting PID 1... lxc-checkconfig report all fine lxc-checkconfig LXC version 6.0.4 Kernel configuration not found at /proc/config.gz; searching... Kernel configuration found at /boot/config-6.12.38+deb13-amd64 --- Namespaces --- Namespaces: enabled Utsname namespace: enabled Ipc namespace: enabled Pid namespace: enabled User namespace: enabled Network namespace: enabled Namespace limits: cgroup: 127838 ipc: 127838 mnt: 127838 net: 127838 pid: 127838 time: 127838 user: 127838 uts: 127838 --- Control groups --- Cgroups: enabled Cgroup namespace: enabled Cgroup v1 mount points: Cgroup v2 mount points: - /sys/fs/cgroup Cgroup device: enabled Cgroup sched: enabled Cgroup cpu account: enabled Cgroup memory controller: enabled Cgroup cpuset: enabled --- Misc --- Veth pair device: enabled, loaded Macvlan: enabled, not loaded Vlan: enabled, loaded Bridges: enabled, loaded Advanced netfilter: enabled, loaded CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE: enabled, not loaded CONFIG_IP6_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE: enabled, not loaded CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_CHECKSUM: enabled, not loaded CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_COMMENT: enabled, not loaded FUSE (for use with lxcfs): enabled, not loaded --- Checkpoint/Restore --- checkpoint restore: enabled CONFIG_FHANDLE: enabled CONFIG_EVENTFD: enabled CONFIG_EPOLL: enabled CONFIG_UNIX_DIAG: enabled CONFIG_INET_DIAG: enabled CONFIG_PACKET_DIAG: enabled CONFIG_NETLINK_DIAG: enabled File capabilities: enabled Note: Before booting a new kernel, you can check its configuration with: CONFIG=/path/to/config /usr/bin/lxc-checkconfig Any idea? EDIT1: This script which fix something on some lxc versions fail completely #!/bin/bash # this is for the password in cache printf '\n\033[42mCreating cgroup hierarchy\033[m\n\n' && for d in /sys/fs/cgroup/*; do f=$(basename $d) echo "looking at $f" if [ "$f" = "cpuset" ]; then echo 1 | sudo tee -a $d/cgroup.clone_children; elif [ "$f" = "memory" ]; then echo 1 | sudo tee -a $d/memory.use_hierarchy; fi sudo mkdir -p $d/$USER sudo chown -R $USER $d/$USER # add current process to cgroup #echo $PPID > $d/$USER/tasks done mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.controllers’: not a directory chown: impossible to access on '/sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.controllers/lxcunpriv': not a directory

This would be great especially considering the latest version of Ubuntu is very slow when displaying directories on my PC...

When I setting up qmk_firmware, it throws

⚠ Detected ModemManager. Please disable it if you are using a Pro-Micro.
Ψ Problems detected, please fix these problems before proceeding.

I've tried both systemctl disable ModemManager.service and sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.ModemManager1.service /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.ModemManager1.service.disabled, but neither works. Also tried to logout and in. Didn't see any logs from this though.

$ systemctl list-dependencies multi-user.target | grep Modem

I was looking down at my keyboard and typed my password in because I thought I had already typed my login name. I pressed Enter, then when it asked for the password I pressed Ctrl+c. Should I take some precautionary measure to make sure the password isn't stored in plain text somewhere or should I change the password? Also this was on a tty on ubuntu server 16.04 LTS.

I've set computer hostname in /etc/hostname a while ago (also there are record in /etc/hosts). Everything worked fine, but recently I've noticed that value of hostname (and /proc/sys/kernel/hostname) changed (to hostname of neighbour computer), although I haven't touched anything related. Value of /etc/hostname remains correct. Which mechanism may cause such change? There are similar problem description , but it doesn't contains any solution.

I wanted to install texmaker the other day but I ran into an issue : it downloaded 500mb but it told me it could not find a few dependencies, for instance Err : 4 http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/t/texlive-bin/texlive-binaries_2022.20220321.62855-5.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP : .... 80] I looked it up on the repo, it was there with a different name : http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/t/texlive-bin/texlive-binaries_2022.20220321.62855-5.1+deb12u1_amd64.deb The error suggested that i run the command with --fix-missing and run apt update before, but it didnt work. So i tried to download the file and install it with sudo apt install ./texlive-binaries...+deb12u1_amd64.deb. Then running sudo apt install texmaker still did not found the package as it recognized the version is 5.1+deb12u1_amd64 and not 5.1. I looked it up on google, did not find much, and moved on Overleaf. But today, i ran apt update && apt upgrade, and after i reboot i come to a tty. I am surprised. I found out i can't start gnome with startx or sudo systemctl enable gdm3. It turns out apt updated gnome-shell-common to a deb12u1_amd64 version, and it broke the DE. Now apt lists all the gnome packets as installed automatically and not needed anymore, aswell as bolt, gir1, ibus, ... I am confused, when i run apt install gdm3 it tells me gnome-shell depends on gnome-shell-common = 43.4-1 but 43.6-1~deb12u1 will be installed. Impossible to fix the problem. I looked up /etc/apt/sources.list but everything seems fine :

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm flags
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm flags

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security  bookworm-security flags
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security  bookworm-security flags

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm-updates flags
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm-updates flags

where flags is main non-free-firmware non-free contrib. Also in source.list.d I have vscodium.list which contains deb [singed-by = /usr/share...gpg ] https://download.vscodium.con/debs vscodium main apt policy gnome gnome-shell returns

gnome:
  installed : none
  candidate : 1:43+1
  version table :
    1:43+1 500
    500 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 Packages
gnome-shell:
  installed : none
  candidate :43.4-1
  version table :
    43.4-1 500
    500 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/main amd64 Packages
    100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

Here is the content of apt update :

Reached :1 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm InRelease
Reached :2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security  bookworm-security InRelease
Reached :3 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm-updates InRelease
Reached :4 http://download.vscodium.com/debs  vscodium InRelease
Reading list ... done
Constructing dependency tree ... done
Reading information status ... done
1 packet can be updated. Run apt list --upgradable to see it

Now I have a new update which is nvidia-installer-cleanup and apt policy nvidia-installer=cleanup is :

nvidia-installer-cleanup:
  installed : 20220217+2
  candidate : 20220217+3~deb12u1
  version table :
    20220217+3~deb12u1 500
      500 http://deb.debian.org/debian  bookworm/contrib amd64 Packages
    20220217+2 100 
      100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

But i think i found the issue. I have a Brother HL-2135W printer that used to work on Debian 11. However, this time it did not work out of the box so when i tried to install it with the script found on Brother's support website, it was a 32 bit script : https://www.brother.fr/services-et-supports/hl-2135w/downloads The script messed up libc6-i386. I had to run dpkg -add-architecture i386 which messed up apt. dpkg -l | grep i386 outputs

cupswrapperhl2130:i386
hl2130lpr:i386

so I uninstalled those two packages and run dpkg --remove-architecture i386. But I still can't install gnome. There is a deeper issue with apt probably. I run Debian 12 bookworm on an Dell Inspiron 5415 with Ryzen 5 5500U. Thanks for your help.

I have a staging server and a production server, and I run identical Bitbucket Pipelines, where I send some commands over SSH. Unfortunately, my pipeline for the production always fails with:

Host key verification failed.

I've tried _everything_, folder permissions, recreating the keys, nothing works. Finally with adding -v to my ssh call, I think I'm a step closer, but still lost. On my staging server, I see something like this:

debug1: Host '$STAGING_SERVER' is known and matches the RSA host key.	
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:4	
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct

and the rest of the build follows flawlessly. On my production server, however, I see the following:

debug1: Host '$PRODUCTION_SERVER' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:5
debug1: read_passphrase: can't open /dev/tty: No such device or address
debug1: permanently_drop_suid: 0
ssh_askpass: exec(/usr/bin/ssh-askpass): No such file or directory
Host key verification failed.

So it would look like the key _is_ found on my production server, but for some reason on the production server read_passphrase is being called. I've just created a new id_rsa and id_rsa.pub key, with _no_ password, so why the heck is my production server trying to call read_passphrase? My ssh_config and sshd_config on both servers are identical - checked via diff. Another way of looking at it is that ssh_rsa_verify is called immediately on the staging server, while on the production server read_passphrase is called. Any help here would be greatly appreciated, this is driving me crazy!