Is there any way to change to the text console scrolling speed without rebooting? Currently using Fedora, but non-distribution-specific answers appreciated. https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/fb/vesafb.txt I'd like to use 'ywrap' in the above documented kernel parameters for vesafb without having to reboot the kernel to try it.

i'm testing my custom initramfs now, but everytime the log there will have the "can't access tty; job control turned off". The /dev in initramfs has four files: null, sda1, ttyS0. The kernel parameter is 'console=ttyS0'. Also, i test ctrl+c, it works fine.So how could this problem heppen? In busybox documentation, > Why do I keep getting "sh: can't access tty; job control turned off" > errors? Why doesn't Control-C work within my shell? This isn't really > a uClibc question, but I'll answer it here anyways. Job control will > be turned off since your shell can not obtain a controlling terminal. > This typically happens when you run your shell on /dev/console. The > kernel will not provide a controlling terminal on the /dev/console > device. Your should run your shell on a normal tty such as tty1 or > ttyS0 and everything will work perfectly. If you REALLY want your > shell to run on /dev/console, then you can hack your kernel (if you > are into that sortof thing) by changing drivers/char/tty_io.c to > change the lines where it sets "noctty = 1;" to instead set it to "0". > I recommend you instead run your shell on a real console... I type tty and it gives me /dev/console instead of /dev/ttyS0. So, that's all information about this problem, hope some one can help me out:-)

I'm looking for a way to create a VNC console user that executes the command screen or bash immediately after logging in so they get their own restricted shell for executing commands etc. Screen/bash will be pre-configured to handle all security issues. The VNC console also has to terminate once the user types the exit/logout command as I don't want them to access the rest of the system. I have already looked through the documentation of TigerVNC and TightVNC but couldn't find anything useful. If this is not possible with VNC, a SSH console can work as well. The server's OS is CentOS.

**The goal is to remap CapsLock to Esc in Vim, installed on Ubuntu** (console only, no Desktop Environment). This Ubuntu system is installed on Virtual Private Server. I'm logging to this server using Putty, from my home laptop with Windows 10. And everybody are talking about mapping this CapsLock key to Esc in Vim, but I was unable to find actual line, that needs 2 be written in $HOME/.vimrc file. This is what I've tried myself, but none of this works, except for the first line adding row numbers:

set number

inoremap  
inoremap  
inoremap

The goal is to remap CapsLock to Esc only in Vim, not the whole Ubuntu server. I've checked and CapsLock works fine in Vim, and makes UpperCase when locked. I've searched so many places like: https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Mapping_keys_in_Vim_-_Tutorial_(Part_1) all 3 parts of this guide and here as well. Like everything is written there: mapping "ii", "jj", "jk", "jw" different Ctrl and Shift combinations. Everything except CapsLock to Esc remap. ??? Why ??? Why is it so hard to remap CapsLock to Esc in Vim? It's almost my question, but unfortunately on Windows OS. From the comments below my question I gather that mapping CapsLock to Esc is impossible in Vim alone. I've also read this thread: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/165477/how-to-use-capslock-instead-of-escape-in-vim And the answer that's accepted states: "For remapping in the console, if your distro uses systemd, you can use a custom keyboard layout in /etc/vconsole.conf as described on the Arch Wiki ." I guess Ubuntu uses systemd, **so I'm ready to accept the answer that's going to map CapsLock to Esc key in whole Ubuntu installed on my VPS,** providing my home, Windows machine key mappings, remain unchanged. I've run this:

michal@localhost:~$ localectl status
   System Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8
       VC Keymap: n/a
      X11 Layout: us
       X11 Model: pc105

**What should I do next?** I think I don't have this file /etc/vconsole.conf on my Ubuntu VPS. Should I create it myself, or should it be there by default?

I'm trying to get console output on **both the onboard iGPU (Intel i915, HDMI output)** and **the AST BMC (IPMI remote display)** on my headless server setup. #### Hardware and OS * **Motherboard**: ASUS Pro WS W680-ACE IPMI * **CPU**: Intel i9-14900 * **OS**: Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS (Pro), kernel 6.8.0-60-generic, UEFI boot * systemd is in use and default GRUB is installed #### BIOS Settings All relevant GPU-related options are enabled:

Primary Display       [CPU Graphics]
iGPU Multi-Monitor    [Enabled]
DVMT Pre-Allocated    [64M]
RC6 (Render Standby)  [Enabled]

When I boot into the BIOS firmware setup, **both HDMI and IPMI outputs mirror the BIOS screen correctly**, confirming that hardware-level multi-display support is working. #### Framebuffer Devices After booting Linux:

$ ls /dev/fb*
/dev/fb0  /dev/fb1

$ cat /sys/class/graphics/fb*/name
i915drmfb
astdrmfb

So: * /dev/fb0 = Intel iGPU (HDMI) * /dev/fb1 = AST BMC (IPMI) #### What I’ve Tried I’ve tried modifying /etc/default/grub with various combinations of fbcon=map: and console=ttyX: 1. GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="fbcon=map:1,0 console=tty1 console=tty2" → **Only IPMI (fb1) works**, HDMI stays black. 2. GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="fbcon=map:0,1 console=tty1 console=tty2" → **Only HDMI (fb0) works**, IPMI stays black. 3. GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="fbcon=map:both console=tty1 console=tty2" → **Nothing appears on either display**. (Yes, I realize fbcon=map:1,0 maps tty1 to fb1 and tty2 to fb0 — that behavior is expected.) I also enabled getty@tty2.service and confirmed it’s running. --- ### What I Want * Ideally: **Same console output mirrored** on both HDMI and IPMI * Acceptable: **Separate virtual terminals** (e.g., tty1 on IPMI, tty2 on HDMI) But so far I can only get one to work at a time, depending on how I order fbcon=map. Any suggestions? Is this a limitation in fbcon, the kernel, or something I can work around with udev, early KMS, or a boot service?

There are processes that ignore SIGHUP signals like:

docker run -it -p 1521:1521 -eORACLE_PASSWORD=atk4_pass gvenzl/oracle-xe:18-slim-faststart

Currently, when I close the console, the docker command keeps running forever (until I manually list the running dockers using docker ps and kill them using docker kill $name manually). What I am looking for is how to modify the docker run ... command to always exit on SIGHUP. Something like the oposite of nohup.

After I set GRUB_GFXMODE it affected GRUB menu and some of subsequent printouts, but in the middle of boot, text becomes very small again, and I still want to make resolution smaller. Where else the resolution is changing during boot? Any usage of fbmode reports unknown mode or invalid argument:

$ sudo fbset 1920x1200-32
Unknown video mode `1920x1200-32'

$ sudo fbset 1920x1200
Unknown video mode `1920x1200'

$ sudo fbset 640x480-60
ioctl FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO: Invalid argument

$ sudo fbset 640x480
Unknown video mode `640x480'

$ sudo fbset 640x480-8
Unknown video mode `640x480-8'

and so on.

I am working on an embedded Linux (kernel-5.10.24), and I enabled the early_printk in kernel configuration to help my debugging kernel. Normally, the kernel command line has set console=ttyS0,115200 ...., and I can see the early printk logs in kernel. But today, I changed the command line to console=ttyS1,115200 .... by mistake, and I assumed I would NOT see any kernel logs during kernel bootup. And to my surprise, I can still see the first part of kernel log done by early printk, there is NO other logs afterwards. So my question is how early printk output kernel logs to the right console, even the console= is set to a non-existing device (or wrong serial console) ?

I am getting this message on the console of my AlmaLinux 9 host: [31178.107847] (NULL device *): port 1 already used(dev 6/1/4 stat 2 I've tried to google pieces of the message but getting no where. What is this message trying to tell me? It repeats every 10 seconds so I assume its important

I have an old laptop (Dell Latitude D610) that I want to use as a serial terminal for some systems that require that, since this machine has a built-in RS-232 port. I have installed Debian 12 and minicom, but without graphical environment, so I login on the text console. However when I start minicom, Ctl-A Z doesn't open the help menu - instead I just see z echoed and the cursor doesn't move. In fact I have observed the same in screen, so this isn't limited to minicom. On my new laptop, I see the same phenomenon, but it works without problems in a GUI terminal on the same system, so it seems to be specific to the text mode consoles. Is there a setting somewhere that I can change to fix this issue?

My Windows' app, when run under Wine (wine-9.0 (Ubuntu 9.0~repack-4build3)) is unable to write anything to the CMD console, in order to see the output I have to redirect it to a file and then open that file. Let's take as an example the following simple call to the Windows API: Exec (cmd /k python --version) It opens an empty console; however, Exec (cmd /k python --version >out) correctly writes "Python 3.12.3" to the file "out". I have found no way to directly write to console. What is needed? Note. I wish to use the python interpreter existing in the Linux installation, not a version loaded in the wine environment, thus python -in the example above- is a symbolic link to /usr/bin/python3.

Is there a way to have multiple font sizes in a single linux console? example: x@system:~$ ls -a // Font Size 14 . .. td // Font Size 10

Google could not help me with this problem. I hope you guys can. When I boot my computer, the first few screens presented to me by BIOS and boot menu are stretched to fit the LCD screen. Once Linux boots, however, the screen shrinks so one pixel of the console font uses only one pixel of the screen, causing the usable area of screen to shrink to only the upper left part of the screen, since the console uses only 640x480 of the 1280x1024 size monitor. I know I can use the VGA= boot flag to set modes that increases the number of rows and columns of text, so that the whole screen is used. However, what I want to do is keep the number of rows and columns *as they are* but scale the whole screen to fit the monitor, just like the BIOS boot messages. I need to do this in a way that will work on any monitor automatically. **EDIT**: I've not given info on hardware on purpose, because I want the solution to be hardware-agnostic. The distribution I'm using is Ubuntu 10.10.

This -geometry 256x144+1095+600 work to show video in rigth bottom: mplayer -ontop -noborder -geometry 256x144+1095+600 -loop 0 -idle -fixed-vo -msglevel all=-1 2>/dev/null video.mp4 But this one (-vo caca) always stay in same position with same width and height regardless of -geometry any_value: mplayer -vo caca -ontop -noborder -geometry 256x144+1095+600 -loop 0 -idle -fixed-vo -msglevel all=-1 2>/dev/null video.mp4 My ultimate goal is display it in virtual console, so i wanted to know the equivalent format of -geometry for -vo caca. (It could be nice to know -vo fbdev too :)

How to lower or change my TTY (1-6) resolution? - System: Linux Mint 20.1 64-bit, kernel 5.4.0-74-generic, Nvidia proprietary display driver. /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD=1024x768
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1024x768

/etc/grub.d/00_header:

#if [ "x${GRUB_GFXMODE}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXMODE=auto ; fi
if [ "x${GRUB_GFXMODE}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768 ; fi
if [ "x${GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD=1024x768 ; fi
...
set gfxmode=${GRUB_GFXMODE}
set gfxpayload=${GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD}

On UEFI, calling videoinfo for the list of supported resolutions: videoinfo" class="img-fluid rounded" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 10px 0;" loading="lazy"> *** I feel desperate already as nothing I tried changes my laptop's native resolution of 3840x2160. *** After changes, these were called:

update-initramfs -u
update-grub

I've been trying the "Developer console" in ChromeOS( dev mode), which is entered by Ctrl+Alt+Forward but when switching the keyboard layout with loadkeys cz I got an error saying Couldn't get a file descriptor referring to the console. + I get the same when chroot is entered from crosh, but in that case the layout set in ChromeOS is used, which is fine. I can see that the keyboard code is correct with ls /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/ In addition I've found the response of loadkeysis the same in Crosh , only there is the language/layout inherited from the system setup. Is there any other way to set the keyboard mapping/layout in shell?

I am using KDE Neon LTS 5.12, sometimes, for some unknown reason, I can see a high CPU usage that comes from started konsoles by kdeinit5. Every konsole has no window and uses up to 17% CPU approximately. As I do not know the reason this happens, sometimes I see one, or two, or 4 konsoles (17% * 4 = 68% CPU usage) with the same description: konsole [kdeinit5]. [![konsole [kdeinit5] problem]] It says I am the user who started these, but I do not know what do I do that makes this happen. If I try to [Jump to the parent process] in the context menu, It redirects me to the obvious kdeinit5: Running... process. [![konsole [kdeinit5] problem]] I have been checking forums but did not found a solution yet. ### UPDATE (2018-04-17) I am still testing, I have already installed the same distribution with almost the same configuration in a laptop, with **just one difference: did not install the Nvidia drivers** both my desktop computer (the main PC used in this post) and the laptop are using Nvidia GPUs. For some reason (again), seems to work perfectly well, without lefting processes in background nor initializing new ones. Obviously, there is a performance loss that can be slightly recovered by setting the composer to Xrender, but even... Is reported some kind of error related to this? I have tried other distros, but not as much to tell if this error is reproduced in those as well. Will keep testing.

I'm up to reinstall Arch on my laptop while I have a bit of a time and I've encountered an interesting question to ask. Is there any way to check my laptop battery status without installing acpi package? (as I'm currently offline without charger and I can't get neither of them) I thought that system should keep track of a battery level somehow. So is it possible to display that info in CLI?

**Stop reading if uname -r returns a Linux version greater than 5.9**, since scrollback has been simply removed (1 , 2 ). ---- My keyboard does not have separate PgUp and PgDown keys. They are in the numpad, sharing their position with KP_9 and KP_3. Scrolling terminals with Shift+Pg{Up,Down} was not possible either with Numlock on or off. Since I don't care for the keypad numbers but do care a lot for scrolling, I have successfully remapped them in X11 to "Prior" and "Next" regardless of Numlock state, and now Shift+{PgUp,Down} both work in Xterm. However, I can't achieve the same in the TTY. With other keyboards that had exclusive Page keys, I could use Shift+PgUp to scroll back after cating a large file, for example. ### Original keycodes As of showkeys:

KP_3/KP_PgUp   = 73
KP_9/KP_PgDown = 81
Slash          = 89
Right Shift    = 54

As of dumpkeys:

PgUp   = 104
PgDown = 109

Slash and Right Shift were also listed because I will also swap them just for testing. ### Attempts - Modified /etc/console-setup/remap.inc to exactly this:

keycode 73 = Prior
    shift keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftl  keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftr  keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftl  shiftr  keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift ctrll keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftl  ctrll keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftr  ctrll keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward
    shift shiftl  shiftr  ctrll keycode 73 = Scroll_Backward 
  keycode 81 = Next
    shift keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftl  keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftr  keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftl  shiftr  keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift ctrll keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftl  ctrll keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftr  ctrll keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward
    shift shiftl  shiftr  ctrll keycode 81 = Scroll_Forward  
  keycode  89 = Shift
  keycode  54 = slash
    shift keycode  54 = question
    altgr keycode  54 = degree
    shift altgr keycode  54 = questiondown

- Followed the instructions of How to change console keymap in Linux? .

dumpkeys > pageupdown

Then swapped

keycode 73  keycode 104
  keycode 81  keycode 109
  keycode 54  keycode 89

in that file and issued loadkeys -s pageupdown. ### Results In both experiments, - Although the two keypad keys don't print numbers anymore and PgUp still works (it scrolls in less) as desired, Shift+PgUp does not scroll the TTY. - Right Shift and Slash have been correctly swapped. ### Additional notes - Toggling Numlock does not help in any of the configurations. The Fn key also does not have any effect in those keys. - I have also tried mapping more ordinary keys, namely l and p, to the Page actions, without success. - If it helps in any way, this is the XKB map that works in the X session:

partial keypad_keys
  xkb_symbols "noKPNumbers" {
      key   {	[  Prior,	Prior	]	};
      key   {	[  Next,	Next	]	};
  };

How can I map the keypad PgUp and PgDown keys in such a way that Shift+Pg{Up,Down} scroll the TTY buffer? Is it possible at all?

Through VirtualBox was installed Debian 12 as **server** and is need it to change the keyboard layout. I did do a research on Google and mostly taking the following link as main reference: * [Keyboard](https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard) Thus as root was executed the following set of commands: * localectl status (it to know the current "X11 Model") * dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration * systemctl restart keyboard-setup.service * udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=input --action=change (because the previous one **didn't** reflect the change) * localectl status (appears the new changes but **not** being applied) Thus is mandatory do a **reboot** **Question** * How to apply a new keyboard layout but without reboot?