Obligatory searched the internet etc. My Debian 11 system cannot install steam via APT. Many of it's dependencies rely on libc6:i386 but APT complains that it is not installable. When I attempt to install it directly via APT, it complains that hunspell-fr (a dependency package) is uninstallable. However the default version of hunspell-fr, hunspell-fr-classical, which the dependency package depends on, is already installed on my system. I've enabled the i386 architecture via dpkg, updated APT's index files and upgraded.I've also tried explicitly enabling i386 packages by passing the [ arch=amd64,i386 ] option in /etc/apt/sources.list. I've cleaned the index file cache and auto-removed orphaned dependencies. All sections are enabled including, contrib and non-free, for the bullseye, bullseye-security and bullseye-updates distributions. nohatsatthetable@debian:~$ uname -a Linux debian 5.10.0-19-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.149-2 (2022-10-21) x86_64 GNU/Linux All help is appreciated! Terminal output when attempting to install steam: --------------------------------------------------- nohatsatthetable@debian:~$ sudo apt-get --simulate install steam [sudo] password for nohatsatthetable: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libatomic1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.3.6-6~) but it is not installable libbsd0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.25) but it is not installable libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libdrm-intel1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.17) but it is not installable libdrm-nouveau2:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libdrm-radeon1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libdrm2:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.17) but it is not installable libedit2:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libelf1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libexpat1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.25) but it is not installable libffi7:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.7) but it is not installable libgcc-s1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.2.4) but it is not installable libgl1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.1.3) but it is not installable Depends: libglx0:i386 (= 1.3.2-1) but it is not installable libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.29) but it is not installable libglapi-mesa:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libglvnd0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libgpg-error0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libllvm11:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.29) but it is not installable libmd0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libpciaccess0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.7) but it is not installable libsensors5:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.29) but it is not installable libstdc++6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.23) but it is not installable libtinfo6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.16) but it is not installable libudev1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.30) but it is not installable libvulkan1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.29) but it is not installable Recommends: mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 but it is not installable or vulkan-icd:i386 libx11-6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libxau6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libxcb-dri3-0:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libxcb1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.28) but it is not installable libxdmcp6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libxext6:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libxinerama1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable libz3-4:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.30) but it is not installable libzstd1:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable steam:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.15) but it is not installable Recommends: libasound2-plugins:i386 but it is not installable Recommends: libxss1:i386 but it is not installable Recommends: mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 but it is not installable Recommends: xdg-desktop-portal:i386 Recommends: xdg-desktop-portal-gtk:i386 or xdg-desktop-portal-backend:i386 Recommends: xterm:i386 or x-terminal-emulator:i386 Recommends: zenity:i386 zlib1g:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.4) but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. Terminal output when attempting to install libc6:i386 ------------------------------------------------------ nohatsatthetable@debian:~$ sudo apt-get --simulate install libc6:i386 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: hunspell-fr : Depends: hunspell-fr-classical but it is not going to be installed or hunspell-fr-revised but it is not going to be installed or hunspell-fr-comprehensive but it is not going to be installed E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages. Output of dpkg --print-foreign-architectures --------------------------------------------- nohatsatthetable@debian:~$ dpkg --print-foreign-architectures i386

I want to remove the recommended packages of a package using apt. my-package is installed, and I want to keep it and its dependencies.

apt-cache depends  | grep Recommends

returns a variety of packages, none of which I want. How can I remove these packages? I can write a bash script to do it but I'm hoping there's an apt way to do it. I have searched online and haven't found a way to uninstall these recommended packages *without uninstalling the package itself and its required dependencies*. In other words, I want to keep my-package and its dependencies, but remove the packages it recommends. Furthermore I ideally don't want to edit config files; I want to keep the system settings untouched.

I am trying to build/install Mapnik (3.0.10) on a CentOS 7 system and I am having trouble getting all the dependencies in place and recognized. I have installed gcc/g++ compiler from the gcc6 series to ensure c++14 support, which Mapnik needs. If I point directly to my new gcc and poll its version I get this: [root@raven ~]# /usr/local/bin/gcc --version gcc (GCC) 6.5.0 Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundat/..snip.. Next I temporarily overrode the $CC and $CXX environment variables so the updated compiler would be used for subsequent builds, then I installed Boost 1.69.0 from source, like this. Note that this actually installs a second Boost, so the --prefix parameter establishes where this alternative Boost will install to: export CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc export CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ cd /root/downloads wget https://dl.bintray.com/boostorg/release/1.69.0/source/boost_1_69_0.tar.gz tar -xzf boost_1_* cd boost_1_* ./bootstrap.sh --prefix=/opt/boost ./b2 install --prefix=/opt/boost --with=all Now, if I check /opt/boost, I see what I expect.. [root@raven ~]# dir /opt/boost/ include lib Finally I get to installing Mapnik itself. I'm basically using the approach noted here . However, I've already got several of the dependencies in place due to previously installing GDAL and PostGIS. But, when I run Mapnik's .configure step, it fails to find my optional dependencies. For example, I built proj from source and know exactly where it is.. [root@raven ~]# dir /usr/proj49/ bin include lib share And ldconfig finds it too.. [root@raven mapnik-v3.0.10]# ldconfig -p | grep libproj libproj.so.12 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/proj49/lib/libproj.so.12 libproj.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libproj.so.0 libproj.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/proj49/lib/libproj.so libproj.so (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libproj.so So I specify my alternative Boost location as well as PROJ_LIBS and PROJ_INCLUDES as .configure parameters.....but it still fails to find proj? Here's some abridged output. Note that it finds my Boost, as specified, but it fails to find proj, in spite of the config params.. [root@raven ~]# cd /root/downloads/mapnik-v3.0.10 [root@raven mapnik-v3.0.10]# ./configure BOOST_LIBS=/opt/boost/lib BOOST_INCLUDES=/opt/boost/includes PROJ_LIBS=/usr/proj49/lib PROJ_INCLUDES=/usr/proj49/include ..snip.. Searching for boost libs and headers... (cached) Found boost libs: /opt/boost/lib Found boost headers: /opt/boost/include Checking for C++ header file boost/version.hpp... yes Checking for Boost version >= 1.47... yes Found boost lib version... 1_69 ..snip.. Checking for C library proj... no Could not find optional header or shared library for proj ..snip.. Most of the optional dependencies seem to be similarly overlooked—libpng-devel, libjpeg-devel, sqlite3, the tiff stuff, proj, etc. And most of those are package installs, not source builds. As we'll be using this server for quite some time I would like to have the latest Mapnik with its full complement of support (especially for proj, png, and jpeg). It's especially vexing that my proj install isn't tying in, because I know exactly where it is and provided Mapnik those parameters. I apologize for the long noisy read, but does anyone see what I am missing? [**Update**: 4.24.19 5pm] Ok, I may have figured it out. I was hoping it had something to do with environment/shell setup, rather than having to build all dependencies from source with the same compiler, and stumbled onto an old post where a "Dom Lehr" recommended modifying the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to include specifically /usr/local/lib. Well, I tried that, and it didn't solve the problem. However, I optimistically expanded the parameter values to include some additional locations, and now I can complete the .configure step with all dependencies recognized. Here's how I did it.. vi /etc/profile.d/sh.local # Add colon-separated paths to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable like this.. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib64:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64: I added everything I could think of where I found seemingly related .so files. Save the file, then.. /sbin/ldconfig ldconfig Then I logged out of my terminal session and logged back in to refresh the shell. Then double-checked that it worked: [root@raven mapnik-v3.0.10]# echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /opt/remi/php70/root/usr/lib64::/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib64:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64: It did. So I refreshed my temporary compiler arguments, went to the Mapnik source folder, and re-ran the .configure instruction, and it worked without issue.. export CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc export CXX=/usr/local/bin/g++ cd /root/downloads/mapnik-v3.0.10 ./configure BOOST_LIBS=/opt/boost/lib BOOST_INCLUDES=/opt/boost/includes And it worked. Now, whether it will build without issue is still a mystery, but this seems to have done the trick! Well I spoke to soon. Now make fails with.. > >&&’ scons: *** [src/json/mapnik_json_geometry_grammar.o] Error 1 scons: building terminated because of errors. make: *** [src/json/libmapnik-json.a] Error 2 ....which is in-line with a lot of others posts I've found where folks are having trouble with mismatched compiler/dependency issues. Back to the drawing board.

**OS: Ubuntu 17.10** In a nut shell, WPS Office released a new Linux update **Aplha21**. I have installed it and tried to get it working by downloading the package from the site and running: **sudo dpkg --install _``_**. However, the package fails to install from a lacking dependency; "libpng12-0". How best to install this package is the greatest concern.

Trying to install playwright with npx playwright install i got the error

Host system is missing dependencies to run browsers. 
 Missing libraries: 

 libicudata.so.66
 libicui18n.so.66
 libicuuc.so.66  
 libwoff2dec.so.1.0.2
 libwebp.so.6        
 libenchant-2.so.2   
 libffi.so.7         
 libx264.so

So tried

sudo zypper install -y \
     libicudata.so.66 \ 
     libicui18n.so.66 \ 
     libicuuc.so.66 \ 
     libwoff2dec.so.1.0.2 \
     libwebp.so.6 \ 
     libenchant-2.so.2 \
     libffi.so.7 \ 
     libx264.so

But this returned

Refreshing service 'openSUSE'.
Error building the cache:
[multimedia-libs.repo|https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/multimedia:/libs/openSUSE_Leap_15.3/]  Failed to retrieve new repository metadata.
History:
 - [multimedia-libs.repo|https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/multimedia:/libs/openSUSE_Leap_15.3/]  Repository type can't be determined.
Warning: Skipping repository 'multimedia-libs.repo' because of the above error.
Some of the repositories have not been refreshed because of an error.
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
' ' not found in package names. Trying capabilities.
No provider of ' ' found.
'libicudata.so.66' not found in package names. Trying capabilities.
No provider of 'libicudata.so.66' found.

How to fix this so that zypper finds the matching multimedia-libs.repo? ### OS Version - cat /etc/os-release Versioninfo

cat /etc/os-release
NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
# VERSION="20250225"
ID="opensuse-tumbleweed"
ID_LIKE="opensuse suse"
VERSION_ID="20250225"
PRETTY_NAME="openSUSE Tumbleweed"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
# CPE 2.3 format, boo#1217921
CPE_NAME="cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:tumbleweed:20250225:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
#CPE 2.2 format
#CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:opensuse:tumbleweed:20250225"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.opensuse.org "
SUPPORT_URL="https://bugs.opensuse.org "
HOME_URL="https://www.opensuse.org "
DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://en.opensuse.org/Portal:Tumbleweed "
LOGO="distributor-logo-Tumbleweed"

Update It seems the dependencies are needed for webkit (safari)

I have this version of Ubuntu

Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:	18.04
Codename:	bionic

on my computer in a dual boot with Windows. I have tried to install R following this tutorial https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-r-on-ubuntu-18-04 and I got the following error:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 r-base : Depends: r-base-core (>= 3.6.2-1bionic) but it is not going to be installed
          Depends: r-recommended (= 3.6.2-1bionic) but it is not going to be installed
          Recommends: r-base-html but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

To fix the error I followed this answer https://askubuntu.com/questions/140246/how-do-i-resolve-unmet-dependencies-after-adding-a-ppa but none of the proposed solution works. In partcular, even if my

apt-get -f install

returns

upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

, if I try again

apt install r-base

it's still not working

I have two service files (serva and servb) as shown below. I want serva to start first (on boot, once network is available), and servb to start only after serva has started. This should be easy, but after playing with several service file parameters I'm still facing this error: > serva.service: Job servb.service/start deleted to break ordering > cycle starting with serva.service/start How do I fix servb.service to achieve what I want? the **serva.service** file is: [Unit] Description=Test Service A (serva) ConditionPathExists=/usr/local/serva ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/local/serva/serva ConditionPathIsReadWrite=/tmp Requires=network.target After=network-online.target postgresql.service multi-user.target Wants=postgresql.service [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/run/serva.pid WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/serva ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 10 ExecStart=/usr/local/serva/serva SuccessExitStatus=129 200 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target The **servb.service** file is: [Unit] Description=Test Service B (servb) ConditionPathExists=/usr/local/servb ConditionFileIsExecutable=/usr/local/servb ConditionPathIsReadWrite=/var/tmp Requires=serva.service After=serva.service [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/run/servb.pid WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/servb ExecStart=/usr/local/servb/servb SuccessExitStatus=129 200 [Install] WantedBy=serva.service I tried modifying servb to use PartOf=haast.service instead of Requires=, but no change in behaviour. I suspect the 10 second delay in serva is contributing to the problem (but this is essential).

I need to install php-gd on CentOS 7. I have very limited repositories on my network. I cannot get a direct connection to the Internet with a Linux server. I tried to install php56w-gd-5.6.19.1.w7.x86_64.rpm But it needs php56w-common-5.6.19.1.w6.x86_64.rpm which depends on libgmp.so.3 I get the error that this .so.3 file is required. I cannot find this so.3 file on the Linux server. So the error message is correct. gmp.x86_64 is installed. Yum list gmp shows it. I tried installing these packages:gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.i686.rpm and gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.x86_64.rpm. I tried a different way of installing php-gd. I used rh-php56-php-gd-5.6.5-7.el7.x86_64. But I got a message about it not updating the installed package. I tried yum clean all. But when I repeated my installation attempts of the .rpm packages, I got the same problems. I then tried two more gmp packages: gmp-4.1.4-10.el5.x86_64.rpm and gmp.4.1.4-12.3_2.el5.x86_64.rpm Neither would install. From gmplib.org I downloaded a .tar.gz file to install gmp 6.1 It installed fine. But it failed to produce a libgmp.so.3 file. yum list gmp shows that gmp 6.0 is installed. What package will satisfy my need for a libgmp.so.3 requirement? Is there a different way to install php56w-common-5.6.19-1.w6.x86_64.rpm or php56w-gd-5.6.19.1.w7.x86_64.rpm? I need to get php-gd installed with version 5.6 (not any lower). Update: rh-php56-php-gmp.x86_64 was successfully installed.

I was trying to install [Seedsync](https://github.com/ipsingh06/seedsync) . I followed the instructions on their github Download the deb package from the latest release Install the deb package: sudo dpkg -i When I try to install the deb package I get this error Selecting previously unselected package seedsync. (Reading database ... 276845 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack seedsync_0.6-0_amd64.deb ... Unpacking seedsync (0.6-0) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of seedsync: seedsync depends on libreadline6 (>= 6.0); however: Package libreadline6 is not installed. dpkg: error processing package seedsync (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ... Errors were encountered while processing: seedsync Trying to install libreadline6 tell me that it's either moved somewhere else or obsolete. **Edit:** sudo apt-get install libreadline6 gives me Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package libreadline6 is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source E: Package 'libreadline6' has no installation candidate **Edit2:** Tring to install libc-bin or libreadline7 shows that it's already the newest version, 0 upgraded,0 newly installed and 0 not upgraded. The seedsync package asks for libreadline6 (>=6.0) and I think I have libreadline7 apt-get install libreadline7 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done libreadline7 is already the newest version (7.0-3). 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

I'm having trouble understanding what apt is doing when specifying a version range. I have two packages, packageA and packageB. packageB depends on packageA but *requires* a specific version range. Keep in mind that I'm developing both packageA and packageB and package them in a .deb that I distribute on my repository. I have the following situation:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ apt-cache policy packageA
packageA:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2.1.0-1
  Version table:
     2.1.0-1 500
        500 https://repo/artifactory/deb  develop/transportation/main arm64 Packages
     2.0.0-3 500
        500 https://repo/artifactory/deb  develop/transportation/main arm64 Packages
     2.0.0-1 500
        500 https://repo/artifactory/deb  develop/transportation/main arm64 Packages

and

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ apt-cache policy packageB
packageB:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2.0.0-SNAPSHOT
  Version table:
     2.0.0-SNAPSHOT 500
        500 https://repo/artifactory/deb  develop/transportation/main arm64 Packages

where:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ apt depends packageB
packageB
  Depends: packageA (>= 2.0.0-1)
  Depends: packageA ( 2.0.0-SNAPSHOT @un puN Ib >
Broken packageB:arm64 Depends on packageA:arm64  (>= 2.0.0-1)
  Considering packageA:arm64 0 as a solution to packageB:arm64 9999
  Re-Instated packageA:arm64
Broken packageB:arm64 Depends on packageA:arm64  2.1.0-1 @un uN > (= 2.0.0-1 and < 2.1.0-1, so that it can be installed with any version of packageA` that satisfies the range.


I'm aware I can install this simply with:

apt install packageB packageA=2.0.0 ``` but the amount of packages I'm planning to set up would make this quite awkward to use (30+ packages)

I have been happily using KVM and virt-manager on Arch Linux for about a year now. This morning, one of my VMs broke (that is another story which I don't think is related), and I decided that it would just be easiest to delete it and virt-install again. However, after deleting this VM via the virt-manager interface, I was no longer able to start virt-manager:

$ virt-install
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virt-install", line 15, in 
    import virtinst
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/__init__.py", line 49, in 
    from virtinst.domain import *  # pylint: disable=wildcard-import
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/domain/__init__.py", line 5, in 
    from .blkiotune import DomainBlkiotune
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/domain/blkiotune.py", line 8, in 
    from ..xmlbuilder import XMLBuilder, XMLChildProperty, XMLProperty
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/xmlbuilder.py", line 16, in 
    from .xmlapi import XMLAPI
  File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtinst/xmlapi.py", line 7, in 
    import libxml2
  File "", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "", line 779, in exec_module
  File "", line 911, in get_code
  File "", line 580, in _compile_bytecode
EOFError: marshal data too short

It seems that libxml2 is broken in some way:

Python 3.8.3 (default, May 17 2020, 18:15:42) 
[GCC 10.1.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import libxml2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "", line 779, in exec_module
  File "", line 911, in get_code
  File "", line 580, in _compile_bytecode
EOFError: marshal data too short

I have tried updating my system as well as removing and reinstalling the obvious packages, libvirt, virt-manager, libxml2 and libvirt-python, and that has not helped, nor has the somewhat dangerous pacman -Syyu. Any ideas about what might be broken here? I am using the LTS kernel, 5.4. Python version is 3.8. Virt-manager is 2.2.1 Also, if I just start python, I can load all the modules mentioned in the above error without any issue. I'm close to just doing a clean reinstall, but that is a terrible bother, and I'd like to avoid it if I can just fix some dependencies in Arch edit: As suggested in the comment, I tried running strace and here is the output (perhaps if I look at it long enough I will have some insight about which file might be corrupted). File corruption does seem likely as I ran out of disk space on root.

~]$ strace python -c 'import libxml2'
#output was too big to paste in here, so I cut out everything but the last part, which is what seemed most likely to be relevant
###..........many lines deleted....####
###..........many lines deleted....####
###..........many lines deleted....####
getcwd("/home/boss", 1024)              = 11
stat("/home/boss", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0750, st_size=3488, ...}) = 0
stat("/home/boss", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0750, st_size=3488, ...}) = 0
stat("/home/boss", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0750, st_size=3488, ...}) = 0
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC|O_DIRECTORY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0750, st_size=3488, ...}) = 0
getdents64(3, /* 41 entries */, 32768)  = 1416
getdents64(3, /* 0 entries */, 32768)   = 0
close(3)                                = 0
stat("/usr/lib/python3.8", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=8192, ...}) = 0
stat("/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=8192, ...}) = 0
stat("/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0700, st_size=3488, ...}) = 0
stat("/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=8192, ...}) = 0
stat("/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/libxml2.py", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=345896, ...}) = 0
stat("/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/libxml2.py", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=345896, ...}) = 0
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/__pycache__/libxml2.cpython-38.pyc", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=139264, ...}) = 0
ioctl(3, TCGETS, 0x7fffbe383200)        = -1 ENOTTY (Inappropriate ioctl for device)
lseek(3, 0, SEEK_CUR)                   = 0
lseek(3, 0, SEEK_CUR)                   = 0
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=139264, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 143360, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f2172e15000
read(3, "U\r\r\n\0\0\0\0\203\224\246^(G\5\0\343\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 139265) = 139264
read(3, "", 1)                          = 0
close(3)                                = 0
mmap(NULL, 262144, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f2172dd5000
write(2, "Traceback (most recent call last"..., 35Traceback (most recent call last):
) = 35
write(2, "  File \"\", line 1, in ", line 1, in 
) = 39
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 991, in _find_and_load
) = 68
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
) = 77
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 671, in _load_unlocked
) = 68
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 779, in exec_module
) = 74
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 911, in get_code
) = 71
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "  File \"", line 580, in _compile_bytecode
) = 80
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python38.zip/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/boss/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "EOFError: marshal data too short"..., 33EOFError: marshal data too short
) = 33
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {sa_handler=SIG_DFL, sa_mask=[], sa_flags=SA_RESTORER, sa_restorer=0x7f21734763e0}, {sa_handler=0x7f21736ca3a2, sa_mask=[], sa_flags=SA_RESTORER, sa_restorer=0x7f21734763e0}, 8) = 0
munmap(0x7f2172dd5000, 262144)          = 0
munmap(0x7f2172e15000, 143360)          = 0
sigaltstack(NULL, {ss_sp=0x5610230bc580, ss_flags=0, ss_size=16384}) = 0
sigaltstack({ss_sp=NULL, ss_flags=SS_DISABLE, ss_size=0}, NULL) = 0
exit_group(1)                           = ?
+++ exited with 1 +++

edit: This thread seems promising, but I have no idea where I would check to see if __init__.py is missing.

I am trying to build mesa-7.6-0.1.fc11.src from source.

$ yumdownloader --source mesa
$ cd rpmbuild/SPECS
$ rpmbuild -ba mesa.spec
error: Failed build dependencies:
        freeglut-devel is needed by mesa-7.6-0.1.fc11.src

No problem. I will download this dependency from source and build that first.

$ yumdownloader --source freeglut-devel
$ rpm -ivh freeglut-2.4.0-16.fc11.src.rpm
$ cd rpmbuild/SPECS
$ rpmbuild -ba freeglut.spec
error: Failed build dependencies:
    libGLU-devel is needed by freeglut-2.4.0-16.fc11.src

It looks like I need another package. Let's see which source RPM is needed to build it.

$ yumdownloader --source mesa-libGLU-devel
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit
mesa-7.6-0.1.fc11.src.rpm                       | 7.1 MB     00:00

Alright... so mesa needs freeglut-devel which needs libGLU-devel which is built by mesa. This is a circular dependency. When considering only building from source and not installing a prebuilt package, how can this circular build dependency be resolved? libGLU-devel is only one of several RPMs that is built by mesa. Is it possible to build only that one RPM instead of all of them to see if this avoids the dependency on freeglut? Even if I try to download the freeglut-devel package, it ends up resolving dependencies for the same package I am trying to build.

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================================================================
 Package                               Arch                     Version                             Repository                   Size
======================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 freeglut-devel                        i586                     2.4.0-16.fc11                       fedora                      111 k
Installing for dependencies:
 freeglut                              i586                     2.4.0-16.fc11                       fedora                      148 k
 mesa-dri-drivers                      i586                     7.6-0.1.fc11                        updates                     2.2 M
 mesa-libGL                            i586                     7.6-0.1.fc11                        updates                     174 k
 mesa-libGL-devel                      i586                     7.6-0.1.fc11                        updates                     485 k
 mesa-libGLU                           i586                     7.6-0.1.fc11                        updates                     204 k
 mesa-libGLU-devel                     i586                     7.6-0.1.fc11                        updates                     108 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================
Install       7 Package(s)
Upgrade       0 Package(s)

What is the correct way to resolve this circular build dependency? For context, I am building packages from Fedora 11 from source for testing DRI drivers that only exist for very old kernels.

Addendum added to the end of this posted question to respond to the answer of Stephen Kitt. ----- Cross-posted : no joy posting on the asymptote (sourceforge) forum. In this posting I describe experiments that I took trying to execute the apt-get build-dep command and also executing the apt-update command. I would like to **understand** what is causing these errors, and whether (using the extracted source code, as is) there is a remedy. In Linux Mint 22, I installed VirtualBox 7 and created a Linux Mint 22 guest, for experimentation. In the guest, I first installed TexLive, and then **successfully** installed Asymptote 3.00, a latex plug-in, from its source code. To do this, I had to first install the following packages: freeglut, cmake, libx11-dev, bison, flex, libgl1-mesa-dev, libglu1-mesa-dev zlib1g-dev Following this successful experiment, I restored the VirtualBox snapshot taken just after installing TexLive and extracting the Asymptote 3.00 source code. As a second experiment, I then attempted to shortcut the process. I had been advised that I can let a single install handle the dependencies, via the following commands: apt-get build-dep asymptote ./configure make all make install Based on preliminary research, I sudo xed updated \etc\apt\sources.list with the following line: deb-src file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 unstable main contrib I then navigated to /home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 and then executed sudo apt-get build-dep asymptote. This failed with the message: $ sudo apt-get build-dep asymptote Reading package lists... Done E: You must put some 'deb-src' URIs in your sources.list To investigate, I then executed sudo apt update, which yielded Get:1 file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 unstable InRelease Ign:1 file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 unstable InRelease Get:2 file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 unstable Release Err:2 file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 unstable Release File not found - /home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00/dists/unstable/Release (2: No such file or directory) ... Based on the above apt update report, I retried sudo apt-get build-dep asymptote, after replacing the appended line with: deb-src file:/home/steve/Downloads/asymptote-3.00 This yielded $ sudo apt-get build-dep asymptote E: Malformed entry 8 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list (Suite) E: The list of sources could not be read. E: Malformed entry 8 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list (Suite) E: The list of sources could not be read. Again investigating, I re-executed sudo apt update, which yielded $ sudo apt update E: Malformed entry 8 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list (Suite) E: The list of sources could not be read. Investigating further, the complete list of subdirectories to the asymptote 3.0 directory is: backports examples patches base gc prc build-scripts gl-matrix-2.4.0-pruned tests cmake-preset-files GUI thirdparty_impl cmake-scripts libatomic_ops tinyexr cudareflect LspCpp webgl cxxtests misc windows doc ----- **Addendum**
I test-verified the answer of Stephen Kitt. After reading his answer, and reloading the (previous) VirtualBox snapshot, I found that the deb rather than deb-src entries were already included in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/official-source-repositories.list. I had already determined that in this situation, the apt-get build-dep asymptote command would not work. It was necessary to add the deb-src entries into \etc\apt\sources.list. Per his answer, I added the five deb-src entries to \etc\apt\sources.list. Then, I executed menu : software-sources : enable-source-code-repositories : update-cache. Then I executed apt update. Then, I navigated to the directory of the extracted asymptote code and executed the apt-get build-dep asymptote command. Presumably, this worked nicely (i.e. I aborted after 10 minutes because VirtualBox processing is slow, and the process was adding an additional 1+ gb of packaging). Based on a comment in Stephen Kitt's answer, I re-executed the entire experiment, with one exception: instead of adding all 5 deb-src lines to \etc\apt\sources.list, I only added the deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble main restricted universe multiverse line. This also seemed to work perfectly. Again, I aborted the VirtualBox running after 10 minutes, for the same reason. Overall, this has been a great learning experience for me.

I am trying to run the COMSOL license manager in Pop OS; however, when I try to run: $ ./lmgrd -c ../license.dat -l /var/tmp/comsol55.log I get the following error: > bash: ./lmgrd: No such file or directory The lmgrd file is clearly present in the current directory. Running ldd lmgrd gives the following output: linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007acd5ec0d000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007acd5ebf0000) libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007acd5eb09000) libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007acd5eae9000) libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007acd5e800000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007acd5eae4000) /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007acd5ec0f000) Is the issue here that the first dependency is missing? If so, what package is required to add that in Pop OS?

I'm trying to install Virtualbox 5.0 in my ubuntu machine Linux federico 4.4.0-24-generic #43-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jun 8 19:27:37 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux When I run apt- install I receive this error: root@federico:~# apt-get install virtualbox-5.0 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies. virtualbox-5.0 : Depends: libvpx2 (>= 1.4.0) but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. I followed this link without success. https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/270003/virtualbox-5-0-wont-install-on-ubuntu-server-14-04-4 Any Suggestion?

The typical way to get reverse dependencies in Debian or Debian based systems, is to either use apt-cache rdepends PackageName OR apt-cache showpkg PackageName There are two issues with this. Firstly it lists all the reverse dependencies of a package, regardless of whether the dependency is Depends, Suggests, Recommends. Secondly it does not check if the dependent package is already installed or not on the system. For example let us consider the package **graphviz**. Looking at its reverse dependencies we can see that there are packages like **gimp** and **qvge**(i.e. Qt Visual Graph Editor) which depend on **graphviz**. i.e. without **graphviz** installed on the system these cannot work. However there are also packages which only suggest or recommends **graphviz** to be installed like **travis** (i.e. trajectory analyzer and visualizer), **webdruid** and others. These packages do not require **graphviz** to be installed. Rather they will function just fine without **graphviz**. So how is it possible to find the reverse dependencies of a package in which the type of dependency is "Depends", not Suggests nor Recommends and also to list only those packages which are installed? Taking the above example how is it possible to list only gimp, qvge, plus other packages for graphviz while omit packages like travis and webdruid?

I have the following scenario that I'm trying to implement: - service b requires service a so that when b starts it forces a to start successfully (or still be active) or fails if a fails - service a is oneshot that has to stay active for a minute and then stop, currently done with ExecStartPost=systemd-run --on-active=60 systemctl stop zz The problem is that when a gets stopped it drags b with it. Is there a way to implement the dependency in such a way that initially b checks if a is successful or not and continues depending on the result, however later b shouldn't care about the status of a. Unless b is restarted, then it needs a to either still be active or start it again. The reason for such a scenario is that a checks if a remote server is reachable. And there is more than one service like b that connects to this remote service. So the goal is to avoid doing same checks multiple times within a short time window (these services are started on multiple servers so the amount of checks could get into ddos territory). I could implement it with state/flag files but ideally it would be nice to avoid creating extra entities if there is a way to implement it just with systemd services.

I'm trying to run meld on Cygwin, after having installed it, and circumvented the "no module named 'meld'" issue by forcing it to use Python 3.6 . Now, I get:

$ meld
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/meld", line 341, in 
    check_requirements()
  File "/usr/bin/meld", line 193, in check_requirements
    gi.require_version("Gtk", "3.0")
AttributeError: module 'gi' has no attribute 'require_version'

Where do I get gi from, and what do I do to get meld to work? Version info: * Windows: Version 10.0.19045.5131 * Cygwin: Updated 2024-12-05 * meld: 3.18.0-1 * Python3: 3.9.16 * Python3.6: 3.6.15 I can provide additional information as relevant, just ask in a comment.

This is possibly a silly question but other than a few common options / educated guesses / knowing the entire kernel/systemd inside-out is there some way of determining what dependencies and in what order a piece of code should have defined when making it a systemd service? For example; I have a piece of code that uses the serial port, uinput, and sockets - I've found that I need to include this in the service: [Unit] BindsTo=dev-serial0.device After=dev-serial0.device So that the serial port is available to it when it starts - But I can't for example find if there's a service or other dependency for uinput that I might need to include. So - is there a list of services/names somewhere or a command you can run that shows what a particular executable is depending on?

I want to include deb-dependencies with main deb-package. Consider 1 deb package which have 19 deb dependencies, so I have to install all packages by dpkg -i *.deb. If all 19 dependencies can be **combined and created single (master) deb** then I can easily install package by single (1) deb file! How to do this?