I've recently set-up Linux on my pc (Deepin, a distro based on Debian). In that fresh set-up distro, I installed VSCode and unity since I'd like to play around with game development. VSCode since I saw some warnings somewhere, I also went to install dot net from the official Microsoft website which seems to be an old version "3.1". But even though .net is installed, I still get the following error when starting VSCode:

The reference assemblies for .NETFramework,Version=v4.7.1 were not found. To resolve this, install the Developer Pack (SDK/Targeting Pack) for this framework version or retarget your application.

From a quick google, I found that installing mono should fix that error, but it apperently didn't. I tried rebooting, going thorugh the install process again, but the error stil appears. What am I doing wrong? Im new to game developing as well as working on linux, I just want to play around with that stuff. My mono -V:

Mono JIT compiler version 6.12.0.90 (tarball Fri Sep  4 14:03:37 UTC 2020)
Copyright (C) 2002-2014 Novell, Inc, Xamarin Inc and Contributors. www.mono-project.com
        TLS:           __thread
        SIGSEGV:       altstack
        Notifications: epoll
        Architecture:  amd64
        Disabled:      none
        Misc:          softdebug 
        Interpreter:   yes
        LLVM:          yes(610)
        Suspend:       hybrid
        GC:            sgen (concurrent by default)

My dotnet --info:

.NET Core SDK (reflecting any global.json):
 Version:   3.1.402
 Commit:    9b5de826fd

Runtime Environment:
 OS Name:     Deepin
 OS Version:  20
 OS Platform: Linux
 RID:         linux-x64
 Base Path:   /usr/share/dotnet/sdk/3.1.402/

Host (useful for support):
  Version: 3.1.8
  Commit:  9c1330dedd

.NET Core SDKs installed:
  3.1.402 [/usr/share/dotnet/sdk]

.NET Core runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.8 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.8 [/usr/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

To install additional .NET Core runtimes or SDKs:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet-download 

I was installing some packages and during the install of one, the system hung and the package was not installed. But, the package was added to the list of installed packages. So, I restart the system and I try the following: - When I try to remove the package, it doesn't work because it can't find a config file. - When I try to install the package, it says the package is already installed, and therefore won't install it - When I try to update, it tries to remove the package, and encounters the error above. So, my question is asking if there's a way to manually remove a package from the list of installed packages, or is there another way to solve this problem? When I run: sudo apt-get upgrade Error is: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgtk2.0-cil 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 18 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 2,819 kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y (Reading database ... 119043 files and directories currently installed.) Removing libglade2.0-cil (2.12.26-0xamarin1) ... E: File does not exist: /usr/share/cli-common/packages.d/policy.2.8.glade-sharp.installcligac dpkg: error processing package libglade2.0-cil (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Removing libgtk2.0-cil (2.12.26-0xamarin1) ... E: File does not exist: /usr/share/cli-common/packages.d/policy.2.6.gtk-dotnet.installcligac dpkg: error processing package libgtk2.0-cil (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Removing libglib2.0-cil (2.12.26-0xamarin1) ... E: File does not exist: /usr/share/cli-common/packages.d/policy.2.6.glib-sharp.installcligac dpkg: error processing package libglib2.0-cil (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: libglade2.0-cil libgtk2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

I have been a Debian user for many years, but at a basic level. Now I need to work with an application available only for Windows - Teltonika Configurator (version for GH5200 tracker): https://wiki.teltonika-gps.com/view/Teltonika_Configurator_versions#For_GH5200_&_TMT250 It requires the environment of MS .NET or .NET Framework: https://wiki.teltonika-gps.com/view/GH5200_First_Start#PC_Connection_(Windows) I don't even know how they differ from each other. In addition, I see here the availability of packages for Linux: https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet-framework https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet and I just don't know: - Which one to use? - How to use it? - Do you use Wine or mono? And if so - how to use correctly?

I'm setting up SubtitleEdit for my friend in their Linux Mint OS. I'm using the portable version of SubtitleEdit through mono as recommended here . Everything seems to be ok but the SubtitleEdit "menus font" (not the "subtitle font" from the settings) seems to fallback to a serif font that is IMO not really working (too small, hard to read, weird line-height, etc.). AFAIK SubtitleEdit doesn't allow you to set the "menus font". I believe that, if I add the right font in the mono framework, SubtitleEdit will be able to use it and won't fallback to the serif font. How can I add or install a font in mono? ty SubtitleEdit Screenshot with default font SubtitleEdit Screenshot through mono with fallback font

I'm unable to update Mono from version 4.6.2 to 5.18.0 on Debian 9.8. I followed the instructions on the download page on Mono's website but with no luck so far.

{bash}
root@server ~ # mono --version
Mono JIT compiler version 4.6.2 (Debian 4.6.2.7+dfsg-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-2014 Novell, Inc, Xamarin Inc and Contributors. www.mono-project.com
        TLS:           __thread
        SIGSEGV:       altstack
        Notifications: epoll
        Architecture:  amd64
        Disabled:      none
        Misc:          softdebug
        LLVM:          supported, not enabled.
        GC:            sgen

root@server ~ # cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-official-stable.list
deb https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian  stable-stretch main

root@server ~ # apt update
Hit:1 http://security.debian.org  stable/updates InRelease
Hit:2 http://security.debian.org  testing/updates InRelease
Ign:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian  stable InRelease
Hit:4 http://ftp.debian.org/debian  stretch-backports InRelease
Hit:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian  stable-updates InRelease
Ign:6 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian  stable InRelease
Hit:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian-security  stable/updates InRelease
Hit:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian  stable Release
Hit:9 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian  testing InRelease
Hit:10 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian  stable Release
Hit:11 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian  stable-stretch InRelease
Hit:12 https://packages.sury.org/php  stretch InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

root@server ~ # apt list --upgradable
Listing... Done
libgd3/testing 2.2.5-5.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.2.5-5+0~20190119054529.2+stretch~1.gbp911a4a]
libsodium23/testing 1.0.17-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.0.17-0.1+0~20190131101845.5+stretch~1.gbp8cf594]

--- **Update 1** Added sudo apt install mono-devel mono-complete output.

{bash}
root@server ~ # sudo apt install mono-devel mono-complete
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
mono-complete is already the newest version (4.6.2.7+dfsg-1).
mono-devel is already the newest version (4.6.2.7+dfsg-1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

--- **Update 2** /var/lib/apt/lists/ only has partial directory which is empty.

{bash}
root@server /var/lib/apt/lists # ls -al
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 12288 Feb 23 07:53 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root  4096 Feb 22 20:38 ..
drwx------ 2 _apt root 12288 Feb 22 20:38 partial

root@server /var/lib/apt/lists # cd partial/

root@server /var/lib/apt/lists/partial # ls -al
total 24
drwx------ 2 _apt root 12288 Feb 22 20:38 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 12288 Feb 23 07:53 ..

Error on running apt full-upgrade.

{bash}
root@server ~ # apt full-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
E: The value 'stable' is invalid for APT::Default-Release as such a release is not available in the sources

I'm getting the same error after running aptitude as shown in the screenshot. --- **Update 3** Added /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99server output.

{bash}
root@server /etc/apt/apt.conf.d # cat 99server
Acquire::PDiffs "false";
Acquire::Languages "en";
APT::Default-Release "stable";

--- **Update 4** When I try to force install Mono 5.18.0 using sudo apt-get install mono-devel/stable-stretch I get the errors shown below.

{bash}
root@server ~ # sudo apt-get install mono-devel/stable-stretch
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Selected version '5.18.0.240-0xamarin1+debian9b1' (Xamarin-Stable-Stretch:9.0/stable-stretch [all]) for 'mono-devel'
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libmono-system-web-services4.0-cil : Depends: libmono-system-design4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
 mono-devel : Depends: libmono-i18n4.0-cil (>= 4.0.0~alpha1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-design4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-drawing-design4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-messaging4.0-cil (>= 2.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-runtime4.0-cil (>= 2.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel-activation4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel-web4.0-cil (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel4.0a-cil (>= 3.2.3) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-extensions4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-webpages-razor2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-webpages2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-cil-dev (= 5.18.0.240-0xamarin1+debian9b1) but it is not going to be installed
              Recommends: msbuild but it is not going to be installed
 monodoc-manual : Depends: monodoc-browser but it is not going to be installed or
                           monodoc-http but it is not going to be installed or
                           monodoc-viewer
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

For context, I was using a Linux version of BizHawk (A multi system TAS emulator) on Chromebook via the Linux Terminal that required Mono. There was an error (the error being that it crashed when I tried to make a video dump) where I could not create video dumps despite having the FFMPEG software version necessary to create them. The only way for me to use the video dumping feature was to get an actual FFMPEG software for my Linux Terminal. That fixed the problem but when I told this to someone, they told me that it was not supposed to do that. They also asked me for the log file and they noticed that I had Wine along with Mono at the time. I ended up uninstalling and reinstalling the Linux Terminal with only Mono installed this time. I used to have Wine in the original installation but I removed it to see if that fixed the problem. It didn't as there might have been something wrong with the emulator or my Linux Terminal. I know Chromebooks were never designed with games in mind but I needed to use it out of necessity. I am also confused as well. I wanted to use Mono for programs and Wine for other programs but I am not sure if it would have caused a conflict. Can anyone here tell me what side effects there are to using both emulators together? Will it cause a crash? Will cause some problems doe other Linux programs? My Linux OS on the Linux Terminal was Debian 11 Bullseye.

Despite this is a .Net question about dlls this is a Linux question as I am deploying to Linux. I deploy dozens of different .Net applications to a single Linux computer. Each of the separate applications have several .dll files that are identical between the applications. Here are my questions: Does .Net/Mono optimize memory usage automatically by recognizing that despite being separate files they are identical? What can I do to move those files to a central location so they would be loaded into shared memory and reduce memory usage? My questions are based on my experience with how .so files are handled in various UNIX based systems. For reference, here is a dump of the .dlls in one application:

docroot@machine:~/Deployment/PrimaryApp_2023-07-12_01-16-59$ file *.dll */*.dll
AppConfigSdk.dll:                                      PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
AppLoginSdk.dll:                                       PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Dapper.Transaction.dll:                                PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Dapper.dll:                                            PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
DataAccess.dll:                                        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.Extensions.dll:         PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.RuntimeCompilation.dll: PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Language.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.dll:                     PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Razor.dll:                      PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.dll:                            PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyModel.dll:              PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
NLog.Extensions.Logging.dll:                           PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
NLog.Web.AspNetCore.dll:                               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
NLog.dll:                                              PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
Newtonsoft.Json.dll:                                   PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
System.Data.SqlClient.dll:                             PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
PrimaryApp.dll:                                        PE32 executable (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
cs/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
cs/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
de/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
de/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
es/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
es/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
fr/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
fr/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
it/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
it/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ja/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ja/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ko/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ko/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
pl/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
pl/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
pt-BR/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:     PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
pt-BR/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:            PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ru/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
ru/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
tr/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:        PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
tr/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:               PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
zh-Hans/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:   PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
zh-Hans/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:          PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
zh-Hant/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.resources.dll:   PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows
zh-Hant/Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.resources.dll:          PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows

[EDIT] To clarify... Two processes on AIX that load the same .so file will share the physical memory of the readonly code block from that .so. That is, the first process loads the .so from the disk, but the second process fixes up a page table pointing to the same physical memory. I am guessing Linux has a similar optimization, but I am not sure.

I am running AlmaLinux 9 (clone of RH 9) and installed the available Mono packages. I had to install an RPM from Fedora 38 to get vbnc.exe (from package mono-basic) However, since vbnc.exe is deprecated the program I'm trying to run is asking for vbc.exe. I can't find this available in ANY RH9 compatible RPM. Any other CentOS9/RH9/AlmaLinux9/Rocky9 users have a solution to this? Newer .NET VB programs will demand vbc.exe and it's nowhere to be found for this Distro.

I am trying to use SubtitleEdit, a .NET application, on NixOS, using Mono. This has worked in the past with other distros, but for some reason SubtitleEdit cannot find mpv or libvlc on NixOS. Everything is installed via configuration.nix, so I suspect I somehow need to expose LibVLC or mpv to Mono and thus SubtitleEdit. How can I do this? Note: Installing the LibVLC package breaks VLC for some reason, and SubtitleEdit defaults to and works better with LibMPV anyway.

I am running on AlmaLinux9 (RedHat 9 clone) and have added mono-* from the EPEL repos. All worked well, but I also needed mono-vbnc so I downloaded the mono-basic project source from github. I ran ./configure and then make, but make is having trouble finding a dll: make: Entering directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools' make: Entering directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools/extract-source' make all-local make: Entering directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools/extract-source' MONO_PATH="../../class/lib/bootstrap:$MONO_PATH" mono --debug ../../class/lib/bootstrap/vbnc.exe /sdkpath:/usr/local/lib/mono/4.5-api/ -debug -r:System.Xml.dll -noconfig -define:_MYTYPE=\"Empty\" /novbruntimeref /r:../../class/lib/bootstrap/Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll -target:exe -out:extract-source.exe @extract-source.exe.sources Visual Basic.Net Compiler version 0.0.0.5943 (Mono 4.6 - master/c93133db) Copyright (C) 2004-2010 Rolf Bjarne Kvinge. All rights reserved. vbnc : Command line : error VBNC2017: The library 'System.Xml.dll' could not be found. There were 1 errors and 0 warnings. Compilation took 00:00:00.2951750 make: *** [../../build/executable.make:81: extract-source.exe] Error 1 make: Leaving directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools/extract-source' make: *** [../../build/rules.make:122: do-all] Error 2 make: Leaving directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools/extract-source' make: *** [../build/rules.make:134: all-recursive] Error 1 make: Leaving directory '/usr/src/mono-basic/mono-basic-main/tools' make: *** [build/rules.make:134: all-recursive] Error 1 I confirmed that System.Xml.dll is on my system: $ find / -name System.Xml.dll /usr/lib/mono/4.5/System.Xml.dll /usr/lib/mono/gac/System.Xml/4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089/System.Xml.dll /usr/lib/mono/4.7.1-api/System.Xml.dll I have no idea how to fix this (new to mono). Do I need to specify a prefix for configure to point to /usr/lib/mono/4.5 ?

I have been struggling for a long time with a dependency issue related to Mono (version: 6.12.0.122) that makes it impossible for me to perform a system upgrade (Pop!_OS, which is based on Ubuntu) and install/remove packages. The problem is that I can't even remove or reinstall the Mono package. No matter what I do (and I went through a lot of threads and "solutions"), I can't... - perform a system upgrade from Pop!_OS 21.10 to 22.04 - update the Pop!_Shop - (un)install any package with apt-get (including Mono!) Trying to update the Pop! Shop or performing minor system upgrades (upgrading packages) results in a pop-up showing this (translated from German):

Error while installing package: Attempt to overwrite »/usr/lib/mono/4.5/mscorlib.dll«, which is also included in package libmono-corlib4.5-cil 6.12.0.122-0xamarin1+ubuntu2004b1

sudo apt --fix-broken install for example prints this out at the end (translated from German; original error message: https://paste.myst.rs/joogjhfc) :

Unpacking libmono-corlib4.5-dll (6.8.0.105+dfsg-3.2) ...
dpkg: Error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libmono-corlib4
.5-dll_6.8.0.105+dfsg-3.2_all.deb (--unpack):
 Attempt to overwrite »/usr/lib/mono/4.5/mscorlib.dll« , which is also included in package libmono-corlib4.5-cil 6.12.0.122-0xamarin1+ubuntu2004b1
dpkg-deb: Error: "insert" subprocess was killed by signal (broken pipe)
Errors occurred while editing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libmono-corlib4.5-dll_6.8.0.105+dfsg-3.2_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

sudo apt remove mono-runtime is unsuccessful, as many sub-packages depend on it and the operation fails with (translated from German; original error message: https://paste.myst.rs/msqb6tm3) :

Try "apt --fix-broken install" to fix this.
The following packages have unfulfilled dependencies:
ca-certificates-mono : Depends on: mono-runtime (>= 3.0~) but should not be installed.
 libmono-corlib4.5-cil : depends on: mono-runtime (>= 6.12.0.122) but should not be installed
                         Depends on: mono-runtime (= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-i18n-mideast4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-i18n4.0-cil (>= 4.0.0~alpha1) but should not be installed
 libmono-i18n-other4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-i18n4.0-cil (>= 4.0.0~alpha1) but should not be installed
 libmono-microsoft-web-infrastructure1.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-posix4.0-cil : Depends on: mono-runtime (>= 2.10.1) but should not be installed
 libmono-security4.0-cil : depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
                           Recommends: ca-certificates-mono (= 6.8.0.105+dfsg-3.2) but 6.12.0.122-0xamarin1+ubuntu2004b1 should be installed
 libmono-system-configuration4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-core4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-design4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3), but should not be installed.
                                depends on: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-drawing-design4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-messaging4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-numerics4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-reactive-windows-forms2.2-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-runtime4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-security4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-servicemodel4.0a-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-serviceprocess4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-abstractions4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-dynamicdata4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-extensions4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-http-webhost4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-routing4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-web-services4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but should not be installed
 libmono-system-xml4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed
 libmono-system4.0-cil : Depends on: libmono-corlib4.5-dll (>= 5.18.0.240) but should not be installed.
                         Recommends: ca-certificates-mono (= 6.8.0.105+dfsg-3.2) but 6.12.0.122-0xamarin1+ubuntu2004b1 should be installed
 libmono-windowsbase4.0-cil : depends on: mono-runtime (>= 2.10.1) but should not be installed
 mono-csharp-shell : Depends on: mono-runtime (>= 3.0~) but should not be installed
 mono-mcs : Depends on: mono-runtime (>= 3.0~) but should not be installed
 mono-xbuild : depends on: mono-runtime (>= 3.0~) but should not be installed
E: Unfulfilled dependencies. Try "apt --fix-broken install" without specifying a package (or specify a solution).

After performing sudo dpkg --configure -a, there is another long list of dependency error messages and at the end, it says there were errors while trying to edit the following packages:

libmono-security4.0-cil
libmono-system4.0-cil
libmono-system-numerics4.0-cil
libmono-system-core4.0-cil
libmono-system-security4.0-cil
libmono-system-xml4.0-cil
libmono-system-configuration4.0-cil

There are also other slightly different outputs, but they all essentially say the same, as well as many other desperate attempts, commands and ways to supposedly solve this, all ended unsuccessful. How do I tackle this situation? My goal is to be able to update my system to 22.04, install and remove packages as I wish.

I am using Apricity OS (based on Arch Linux). I want to install Dot Net Core. What is the command for installing it by pacman.

Why is Resolve-DnsName not recognized for PowerShell Core? So far as I recall it works fine with PowerShell itself. Is this a .NET versus dotnet problem? That dotnet simply doesn't have this functionality? thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ dotnet --version 2.1.4 thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ ./dns.ps1 Resolve-DnsName : The term 'Resolve-DnsName' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again. At /home/thufir/powershell/webservicex/dns.ps1:3 char:1 + Resolve-DnsName -Name localhost -Type ANY | Format-Table -AutoSize + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (Resolve-DnsName:String) [], CommandNotFoundException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ cat dns.ps1 #!/usr/bin/pwsh -Command Resolve-DnsName -Name localhost -Type ANY | Format-Table -AutoSize thufir@dur:~/powershell/webservicex$ see closed question also , and technet .

In my Linux Mint installation, I can directly execute a PE executable at the command line, and if it's a .NET/CLI executable, then it will automatically execute it with Mono, and otherwise, it will automatically execute it with Wine. This works because binfmt is configured to run /usr/lib/binfmt-support/run-detectors for both CLI and Wine executables. This runs a series of detectors configured in /var/lib/binfmts to determine what type of PE executable it is and execute the appropriate command to run it. In Manjaro, I have binfmt, but I don't have run-detectors. So I guess the first match in /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc wins, and I guess since I installed Wine before I installed Mono, that's the one that wins. That my supposition, anyway. The symptom is that whenever I execute an .exe file from the command line, it runs Wine, even if it's a .NET executable. I can't find a package that seems to supply this run-detectors utility. Is there something like it in the standard or community repositories, or is there some other common way to set this up in the Arch world?

I haven't found any concise explanation of this.

So I am running the latest version of kali Linux. I was previously using the 2019 version of kali which had no issue but after updating, I gave command apt install mono-devel mono-complete mono-dbg ca-certificates-mono ca-certificates-mono but it shows The following packages have unmet dependencies: libgdiplus : Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.*** After reading some articles about it I gave command apt-get update && upgrade but it was showing 35 was not upgraded so i gave command sudo apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade and after that i also gave so I gave command sudo apt-get -f install and sudo dpkg --configure -a and still if i give sudo apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade 18 are not upgraded and shows The following packages have been kept back: crackmapexec gcc-10-base lib32gcc-s1 lib32stdc++6 libatomic1 libcc1-0 libgcc-s1 libgfortran5 libgomp1 libitm1 liblsan0 libobjc4 libquadmath0 libstdc++6 libtsan0 libubsan1 linux-headers-amd64 linux-image-amd64 can not fix it please help

Scenario: I have a desktop Ubuntu 21.04 system with Wine and Mono installed. The only program I run on Wine is VisiPics, a Windows photo comparison tool. VisiPics needs read-write access to the external drive on which those photo files are stored, so as to delete unwanted duplicates. **My question is, to what extent do Wine and/or Mono pose security risks in that scenario?** Certain comments contribute to my confusion: - Is it only a question of what software I deliberately use? Some consider Wine and Mono intrinsically risky, regardless of what software I run. It is reported that "malware can be delivered in many ways" and that WannaCry (for example) has a "worm aspect." So could malware find its own way to my Linux system from an infected file on the external drive, as soon as I make that drive available to the system? - How great is the threat level, in practical terms? Some say that "your Linux computer is completely safe with WINE" unless you use it to run infected software. Others claim that malware will face so many complexities, in Wine, that it is unlikely to get far. Yet researchers warn that "Wine can pose serious security implications when used to run Windows software in a Linux environment." - Is it likely that, if the user can access the external data drive with VisiPics, Windows malware running on Wine can too? - Regardless of whether a generic Linux installation needs antivirus software, shouldn't Wine users install antivirus software? If so, would that be Linux antivirus software that can detect Windows malware, or Windows antivirus software running on Wine? **To repeat, my question is, to what extent do Wine and/or Mono pose security risks in the stated scenario?**

- i am a complete c# noob (i know Java though) - i have a c# script i modified. I want to run it at startup using a daemon and systemctl (the original is this NZXT automatic fan controller script ) - the code created a repeating timer to execute a piece of code every 4 seconds and blocks exiting the script using Console.ReadLine(); - i compiled and tested the script using msc and mono. it works as intended in a terminal (it is NOT exiting directly) - when run as a daemon, Console.ReadLine(); doesn't wait and the script directly completes the main method and exits - NOTES: - - i am also a linux moob, so please point out if i am doing something wrong in the daemon. My goal is having a background script that i can start and stop, which the system starts from me on boot - please find all code attached below main code:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Timers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public class Program
{

    private static string root;
    private static string confFile = "/home/mohammadah/scripts/grid+v2/conf.d";
    private static System.Timers.Timer aTimer;

    private static int maxSpeed = 100;
    private static int minSpeed = 35;
    // do not change this. all fan speeds have to rounded to the nearest multiple of 5
    private static int minimumRound = 5;
    private static int timerTime = 4000;
    private static int defaultFanSpeed = 40;

    // fans: 
    // 1: empty
    // 2: empty
    // 3: bottom
    // 4: top
    // 5: CPU
    // 6: Back
    private static int[] gpuFans;
    private static int gpuMaxTemp;
    private static int gpuMinTemp;

    private static int[] cpuFans;
    private static int cpuMaxTemp;
    private static int cpuMinTemp;

    private static float lastCPUSpeed = 0;
    private static float lastGPUSpeed = 0;

    public static void Main()
    {
    //    Console.WriteLine(System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath));
       ParseConfigFile(confFile);


        if(!Regex.IsMatch(DoGridCommand("get fan 1"), @"Fan 1: \d{1,5} RPM")){
            DoGridCommand("init");
        }

        DoGridCommand("set fans all speed " + defaultFanSpeed);

        

        SetTimer();
        Console.WriteLine("\nPress the Enter key to exit the application...\n");
        // Process.GetCurrentProcess().WaitForExit();

        Console.ReadLine();
        aTimer.Stop();
        aTimer.Dispose();
        Console.WriteLine("Terminating the application...");
    }

    private static float GetGPUTemp(){
        ProcessStartInfo procStartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("/bin/bash", "-c nvidia-smi -q -d temperature");
        procStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        procStartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        procStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

        System.Diagnostics.Process proc = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
        proc.StartInfo = procStartInfo;
        proc.Start();
        string result = proc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
        
        char first = '-';
        char second = '-';
        string temp = "";

        foreach (char c in result)
        {
            if(c=='1' || c == '2'|| c == '3'|| c == '4'|| c == '5'|| c == '6'|| c == '7'|| c == '8'|| c == '9'|| c == '0'|| c == 'C'){
                if(first == '-'){
                    first = c;
                }else if(second == '-'){
                    second = c;
                }else if(c == 'C'){
                    temp = "" + first + second;
                    break;
                }
            }else{
                first = '-';
                second = '-';
            }
        }
        return float.Parse(temp);
    }

    private static int GetCPUTemp(){

        string tempLineStart = "Packageid0:+";

        ProcessStartInfo procStartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("/bin/bash", "-c sensors");
        procStartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        procStartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        procStartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

        System.Diagnostics.Process proc = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
        proc.StartInfo = procStartInfo;
        proc.Start();

        int temp = 0;
        string line = "";
        while ((line = proc.StandardOutput.ReadLine()) != null) {
            line = Regex.Replace(line, @"\s+", "");
            if(Regex.IsMatch(line, tempLineStart)){
                line = line.Trim().Replace(tempLineStart.Trim(), "");
                line = line.Substring(0, 6);
                line = Regex.Replace(line, "[^0-9.]", "");
                float t = float.Parse(line);
                temp = (int)t;
                break;
            }
        }

        return temp;
    }

    private static void SetTimer()
    {
        // Create a timer with a two second interval.
        aTimer = new System.Timers.Timer(timerTime);
        // Hook up the Elapsed event for the timer. 
        aTimer.Elapsed += OnTimedEvent;
        aTimer.AutoReset = true;
        aTimer.Enabled = true;
    }    

    private static void ParseConfigFile(string fileName){
        string gridfanLocation = "GridfanLocation:";
        string gpuFanLineStart = "GPUFans:";
        string gpuMaxLineStart = "GPUMaxTemp:";
        string gpuMinLineStart = "GPUMinTemp:";
        string cpuFanLineStart = "CPUFans:";
        string cpuMinLineStart = "CPUMinTemp:";
        string cpuMaxLineStart = "CPUMaxTemp:";
    
        StreamReader reader = File.OpenText(fileName);
        string line;    
        while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null) {

            line = line.Trim();
            // Regex.Replace(line, @"\s+", "");
            // ignore commented out (starts with "//") or empty lines
            if(line.StartsWith("//") || line.Equals("")) continue;
            // set gpu temp at which gpu fans will be set at 100% speed
            else if(Regex.IsMatch(line, gridfanLocation)){
                root = line.Trim().Replace(gridfanLocation, "");
            // set gpu fan list using the numbering found on gridfan git repo
            }else if(Regex.IsMatch(line, gpuFanLineStart)){
                line = line.Trim().Replace(gpuFanLineStart, "");
                string[] fans = line.Split(",");
                gpuFans = new int[fans.Length];
                for (int i =0;i maxSpeed ? maxSpeed : gpuPercentage  maxSpeed ? maxSpeed : cpuPercentage

// gridFan repo = https://github.com/CapitalF/gridfan // root of gridFan script location GridfanLocation:/home/mohammadah/scripts/grid+v2 // GPU fans id/ports as per the schema in gridFan repo readme GPUFans: 3 // GPU temp at which GPU fans will be set at 100% speed GPUMaxTemp: 75 // GPU temp at which GPU fans will be set at lowest speed GPUMinTemp: 35 // GPU fans id/port as per the schema in gridFan repo readme CPUFans: 4, 5, 6 // CPU temp at which CPU fans will be set at 100% speed CPUMaxTemp: 75 // CPU temp at which CPU fans will be set at lowest speed CPUMinTemp: 35

daemon .service file

[Unit] Description=Grid+ v2 automatic fan controller [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/mono /home/mohammadah/scripts/grid+v2/LinuxGrid-v2Controller.exe Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```

I need to deploy an ASP.NET MVC4 (MVC3 at least) application on Centos 6 server. I've installed Mono 3.2.1, XSP4, mod_mono (for use with apache web server) and succesfully ran the test application that goes with mono. I used a config tool to create a config for app directory and deployed an empty ASP.NET WebPages project created in VS2012 on .Net 2.0 - it ran ok. But I need to run an .net 4.5 or at least 4.0 application, so I've set the MonoServerPath to mod-mono-server4 instead of mod-mono-server2 in the config, but now i'm getting a "Service Temporarily Unavailable" error while trying to access the asp.net project directory (even empty). What should I check for? **Update:** I checked the apache log and here what it shows: mod-mono-server4 Exception caught during reading the configuration file: System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'System.Configuration.IConfigurationSectionHandler.Create'. at System.Configuration.ClientConfigurationSystem.System.Configuration.Internal.IInternalConfigSystem.GetSection (System.String configKey) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection (System.String sectionName) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.get_AppSettings () [0x00000] in :0 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server.get_AppSettings () [0x00001] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:208 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server+ApplicationSettings..ctor () [0x0002a] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:63 mod-mono-server4 Listening on: /tmp/mod_mono_server_Unreal Root directory: /var/www/html/Unreal Error: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for System.Net.Sockets.Socket mod-mono-server4 Exception caught during reading the configuration file: System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'System.Configuration.IConfigurationSectionHandler.Create'. at System.Configuration.ClientConfigurationSystem.System.Configuration.Internal.IInternalConfigSystem.GetSection (System.String configKey) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection (System.String sectionName) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.get_AppSettings () [0x00000] in :0 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server.get_AppSettings () [0x00001] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:208 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server+ApplicationSettings..ctor () [0x0002a] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:63 mod-mono-server4 Listening on: /tmp/mod_mono_server_Unreal Root directory: /var/www/html/Unreal Error: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for System.Net.Sockets.Socket mod-mono-server4 Exception caught during reading the configuration file: System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'System.Configuration.IConfigurationSectionHandler.Create'. at System.Configuration.ClientConfigurationSystem.System.Configuration.Internal.IInternalConfigSystem.GetSection (System.String configKey) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection (System.String sectionName) [0x00000] in :0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.get_AppSettings () [0x00000] in :0 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server.get_AppSettings () [0x00001] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:208 at Mono.WebServer.Apache.Server+ApplicationSettings..ctor () [0x0002a] in /usr/src/xsp-2.10.2/src/Mono.WebServer.Apache/main.cs:63 mod-mono-server4 Listening on: /tmp/mod_mono_server_Unreal Root directory: /var/www/html/Unreal Error: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for System.Net.Sockets.Socket [Wed Sep 25 08:45:13 2013] [error] Failed to connect to mod-mono-server after several attempts to spawn the process.

If I want to run the application monodevelop, I need to chdir to /usr/lib/monodevelop/Bin and then execute ./MonoDevelop.exe. This is the same for all other Mono applications such as banshee, tomboy, etc. If I attempt to run the Mono applications from another location by simply running monodevelop, or even from their own directory, I get _TypeInitializationExceptions_ like this: > behrooz@behrooz:/usr/lib/monodevelop/bin$ monodevelop > FATAL ERROR [2012-05-04 11:24:39Z]: MonoDevelop failed to start. Some > of the assemblies required to run MonoDevelop (for example gtk-sharp, > gnome-sharp or gtkhtml-sharp) may not be properly installed in the > GAC. System.TypeInitializationException: An exception was thrown by > the type initializer for Gtk.Application ---> > System.EntryPointNotFoundException: glibsharp_g_thread_supported at > (wrapper managed-to-native) GLib.Thread:glibsharp_g_thread_supported > () at GLib.Thread.get_Supported () [0x00000] in :0 > at Gtk.Application..cctor () [0x00000] in :0 --- > End of inner exception stack trace --- at > MonoDevelop.Ide.IdeStartup.Run (MonoDevelop.Ide.MonoDevelopOptions > options) [0x0007e] in > /home/behrooz/Desktop/Monodevelop/monodevelop-2.8.6.5/src/core/MonoDevelop.Ide/MonoDevelop.Ide/IdeStartup.cs:95 > at MonoDevelop.Ide.IdeStartup.Main (System.String[] args) [0x0004f] in > /home/behrooz/Desktop/Monodevelop/monodevelop-2.8.6.5/src/core/MonoDevelop.Ide/MonoDevelop.Ide/IdeStartup.cs:503 Why is that? I have tried reinstalling all Mono, Wine, GTK, Glib, X, Gnome packages.

apt-get --purge --reinstall install $(dpkg --get-selections | grep mono | grep install | grep  -v deinstall | awk'{print $1}')

I also tried strace on "open" and got nothing by myself. System Configuration: - Debian 6.0-updates 64 bit - Kernel 3.2.0-2, 3.2.0-1, 3.1 and 3 EDIT: not a kernel thing - Gnome 3.4 EDIT:but a gnome thing - Mono 2.10.5

TLS:           __thread  
	SIGSEGV:       altstack  
	Notifications: epoll  
	Architecture:  amd64  
    	Disabled:      none  
    	Misc:          softdebug   
    	LLVM:          supported, not enabled.  
    	GC:            Included Boehm (with typed GC and Parallel Mark)

update: with upgrading to the new MonoDevelop 3.0.2 and latest Mono, I can run MonoDevelop with command monodevelop in terminal, no chdir. but gnome-shell cannot run it. Finally found it: as root: cd /usr/local/ find | grep mono|xargs rm -rf # Use with caution/some applications may get messed up (stellarium has MONOchrome images...)