Ask Different (Apple)
Q&A for power users of Apple hardware and software
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7
votes
2
answers
50563
views
How can I embed an image in an Apple Mail signature?
I use Apple Mail daily, and up until recently I could have images inside my mail by referencing an external source. However the external source has since become unavailable, so ideally I would like to embed the images into my mail signatures. I am pretty good with creating the signature in HTML and...
I use Apple Mail daily, and up until recently I could have images inside my mail by referencing an external source. However the external source has since become unavailable, so ideally I would like to embed the images into my mail signatures. I am pretty good with creating the signature in HTML and create the webarchive for it, however have no idea where to begin as far as embedding the images are concerned.
Has anyone actually done this, or know of a very good resource that I can use to figure it out?
BinaryMisfit
(6535 rep)
Sep 10, 2010, 02:44 PM
• Last activity: Jun 3, 2025, 02:07 PM
0
votes
0
answers
23
views
Mac Mail - Signatures - Image not saving
I want to use Mac Mail as my main email but I cannot create a signature that has images embedded. Each time I add an .jpg image (it is small in size, 250x124) it changes from what the image is into .JPEG logo instead. I tried dragging and dropping as well as straight copying into the Signature creat...
I want to use Mac Mail as my main email but I cannot create a signature that has images embedded. Each time I add an .jpg image (it is small in size, 250x124) it changes from what the image is into .JPEG logo instead. I tried dragging and dropping as well as straight copying into the Signature creator box, but each time, the image is just the JPG logo or the GIFF one dependent on the type of image I am adding.
What am I doing wrong?

R Brennan
(1 rep)
Jun 3, 2025, 09:51 AM
• Last activity: Jun 3, 2025, 12:28 PM
13
votes
5
answers
29992
views
Preview signature annotation: Without the owner password, you do not have permission to create or modify annotations in the document
I need to download a banking form and email it back. After opening the PDF in macOS Preview, I attempt to sign it via `Tools > Annotate > Signature` This gives the error: [![Without the owner password, you do not have permission to create or modify annotations in the document.][1]][1] > Without the...
I need to download a banking form and email it back.
After opening the PDF in macOS Preview, I attempt to sign it via
> Without the owner password, you do not have permission to create or modify annotations in the document.
>
> Enter the password to unlock annotation of the document.
How can I sign this PDF document?
Adding an annotation seems like it should be controlled by the client, not the document itself. Can I force Preview to add an annotation?
Can I somehow create an unlocked read/write copy of the document without this signature protection?
Tools > Annotate > Signature
This gives the error:

pkamb
(9620 rep)
May 16, 2022, 05:19 AM
• Last activity: May 4, 2025, 06:29 PM
57
votes
11
answers
177370
views
Can I export my signature from Preview on one Mac and import it on another?
A follow on to [this question about extracting the signature image][1]. Is it possible to just copy the plist file containing the signature from one Mac to another? Is there a recommended method for exporting and import signatures from one Mac to another I should follow instead? I could "sign" a bla...
A follow on to this question about extracting the signature image . Is it possible to just copy the plist file containing the signature from one Mac to another? Is there a recommended method for exporting and import signatures from one Mac to another I should follow instead?
I could "sign" a blank PDF and take a screen shot of it but but I really want the same password to go along with the image so it's 100% the same signature on the other Mac as the one I'm using on this Mac.
Ian C.
(46784 rep)
Dec 15, 2012, 02:14 AM
• Last activity: Apr 4, 2025, 12:29 AM
1
votes
2
answers
697
views
How can I manage graphic scaling in email signature using Mail App?
I added my logo in Gmail signature like so: [![enter image description here][1]][1] it renders perfectly crystal clear, before sent, and after arrived on the other end. I send it to myself and opened it on my MacBook, it looks perfect as is. See below: [![enter image description here][2]][2] Then I...
I added my logo in Gmail signature like so:
it renders perfectly crystal clear, before sent, and after arrived on the other end. I send it to myself and opened it on my MacBook, it looks perfect as is. See below:
Then I copied that ***exact*** signature to **Mail > Preferences**,
save it, quit **Mail** App, and tried to send it out. It blows up so huge...
How do I **solve** this issue? does anyone else face this issue ?
____
I've tried to resize that logo to 100 x 50 px, but it makes my image very **pixelated**.
Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.




code-8
(587 rep)
Jan 28, 2022, 06:13 PM
• Last activity: Dec 2, 2024, 07:12 PM
3
votes
1
answers
2739
views
Trackpad button is unavailable when creating signature in Preview
When I try to create a signature, Camera and iPhone are available to create a signature, but the Trackpad button is not active. [![Greyed out trackpad button][1]][1] How can I get my trackpad to work as a caputure device? [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/kXVIV.png [2]: https://i.sstatic.net/t7Nie.png
When I try to create a signature, Camera and iPhone are available to create a signature, but the Trackpad button is not active.
How can I get my trackpad to work as a caputure device?

Mrziiz
(31 rep)
Aug 24, 2023, 05:33 PM
• Last activity: Jul 24, 2024, 11:03 PM
1
votes
0
answers
179
views
Since Sonoma my modified email signature are overwritten by apple mail
I was used to edit mail signature files in mac os but since Sonoma apple mail keeps overwriting the files althought i locked them. I changed the file on disked with bb-edit after having closed mail en unlocked the file using info-window. Locked the file again after modifying. Checking file afterward...
I was used to edit mail signature files in mac os but since Sonoma apple mail keeps overwriting the files althought i locked them. I changed the file on disked with bb-edit after having closed mail en unlocked the file using info-window. Locked the file again after modifying. Checking file afterwards everything okay. But after opening Apple Mail the previous version shows up and the mailsignature-file gets 'updated'.
So, how can I edit signature files outside of Mail?
Theo Heldens
(11 rep)
Jun 25, 2024, 02:53 PM
• Last activity: Jun 26, 2024, 11:54 AM
12
votes
3
answers
899
views
How can I verify little snitch warnings on SSH processes?
It's been a while since I've needed to connect to a server via SSH. When I tried to connect today, Little Snitch gave me this warning: > The program "ssh" has been modified > > Previously, the program had the identifier "com.apple.openssh", but > now it's "com.apple.ssh". This probably means that Ap...
It's been a while since I've needed to connect to a server via SSH. When I tried to connect today, Little Snitch gave me this warning:
> The program "ssh" has been modified
>
> Previously, the program had the identifier "com.apple.openssh", but
> now it's "com.apple.ssh". This probably means that Apple decided to
> rename the process. But please inspect the names! If a process has
> been replaced with a script interpreter such as Python, its rules may
> be hijacked by a script virus.
And this is probably nothing, but looking at the binary in a code editor, I noticed the first 8 characters say "cafe babe". Strange, right?
I couldn't find any info about it online, so I installed openssh via Homebrew. But when I run that, Little Snitch warns that the process has no signature.
Anyway, I checked the signature on the Apple binary using



codesign -db --verbose=4 /usr/bin/ssh
, but I can't find anything online to compare the output against.
**So how can I be sure this binary is legit before allowing it to connect?**
BTW, I'm running Ventura 13.1.
Edit: Here's the output of codesign -dv --verbose=4 /usr/bin/ssh
:
Executable=/usr/bin/ssh
Identifier=com.apple.ssh
Format=Mach-O universal (x86_64 arm64e)
CodeDirectory v=20400 size=6182 flags=0x0(none) hashes=183+7 location=embedded
Platform identifier=14
VersionPlatform=1
VersionMin=852224
VersionSDK=852224
Hash type=sha256 size=32
CandidateCDHash sha256=d19d6f7a19eb7178c68fc67c197bc8d8fbeda7e7
CandidateCDHashFull sha256=d19d6f7a19eb7178c68fc67c197bc8d8fbeda7e791bd5a9e96f67e9b2169eb16
Hash choices=sha256
CMSDigest=d19d6f7a19eb7178c68fc67c197bc8d8fbeda7e791bd5a9e96f67e9b2169eb16
CMSDigestType=2
Executable Segment base=0
Executable Segment limit=671744
Executable Segment flags=0x1
Page size=4096
Launch Constraints:
None
CDHash=d19d6f7a19eb7178c68fc67c197bc8d8fbeda7e7
Signature size=4442
Authority=Software Signing
Authority=Apple Code Signing Certification Authority
Authority=Apple Root CA
Signed Time=Nov 5, 2022 at 12:44:29 AM
Info.plist=not bound
TeamIdentifier=not set
Sealed Resources=none
Internal requirements count=1 size=64
Output of 'uname -a':
Darwin MacBook-Pro.local 22.2.0 Darwin Kernel Version 22.2.0: Fri Nov 11 02:08:47 PST 2022; root:xnu-8792.61.2~4/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64
thingEvery
(223 rep)
Jan 20, 2023, 06:09 AM
• Last activity: Apr 3, 2024, 06:30 PM
0
votes
1
answers
60
views
Granular control over certificate trust settings
**TL;DR** I'm looking for a way to granularly control whether MacOS trusts a certificate for each individual purpose specified in the `Basic Constraints (2.5.29.19)`, `Key Usage (2.5.29.15)`, and `Extended Key Usage (2.5.29.37)` extensions. ---- Consider the following (example) certificate: ```lang-...
**TL;DR** I'm looking for a way to granularly control whether MacOS trusts a certificate for each individual purpose specified in the
Basic Constraints (2.5.29.19)
, Key Usage (2.5.29.15)
, and Extended Key Usage (2.5.29.37)
extensions.
----
Consider the following (example) certificate:
-plain
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
I would like to trust this certificate for the following purposes:
- Securing connections to imaginaryorganization.example.com
- Signing emails from and encrypting emails to imaginary@imaginaryorganization.example.com
- Signing code
but **not** for the following purposes:
- **Acting as a certificate authority** (despite the fact that the certificate claims in the Basic Constraints extension that it is a certificate authority)
- Time stamping
- OCSP signing
- CRL signing
- Certificate signing
**How can I accomplish this?** Keychain Access only gives a [very limited set of options](https://support.apple.com/guide/keychain-access/kyca11871/mac/14.0) for certificate trust settings.
### Bonus questions
- Is there a way to trust a CA for signing S/MIME certificates but **not** for authenticating client-server connections (or vice versa)?
- Is there a way to trust a CA for signing certificates only belonging to a certain domain or subdomain, or to a list of domains or subdomains?
Ben Zelnick
(203 rep)
Dec 30, 2023, 09:59 PM
• Last activity: Jan 30, 2024, 06:07 PM
4
votes
1
answers
1029
views
What would cause a certificate installed on iOS to be invalid?
I recently installed two certificates (for use in signing mail) on several iOS devices. Both certificates derive from the same trust chain and were purchased from the same vendor on the same day. The only difference between them is that they are associated with different e-mail addresses. Both work...
I recently installed two certificates (for use in signing mail) on several iOS devices. Both certificates derive from the same trust chain and were purchased from the same vendor on the same day. The only difference between them is that they are associated with different e-mail addresses. Both work fine on OS X in Mac Mail. But when they are installed on iOS devices (using iPhone Configuration Utility after exporting to .p12 files from Keychain Access) one works fine while the other is flagged as "not trusted".
What could account for this difference?
---
Update: 5.1 does not fix this.
orome
(12163 rep)
Oct 19, 2011, 09:45 PM
• Last activity: Jan 29, 2024, 03:31 AM
0
votes
0
answers
296
views
Is there a program that draws my signature with the mouse?
So many website wants me to draw my signature with the mouse, and it's horrible. So I want a program that moves the mouse cursor and traces my signature. The program would: 1. Ingest a JPEG of my signature. 2. Create a hot-key that, when pressed, 3. Has me rubber-band the rectangle for the signature...
So many website wants me to draw my signature with the mouse, and it's horrible. So I want a program that moves the mouse cursor and traces my signature.
The program would:
1. Ingest a JPEG of my signature.
2. Create a hot-key that, when pressed,
3. Has me rubber-band the rectangle for the signature area, then...
4. Move the mouse to follow the ingested signature with the mouse button down, making programs like DocuSign think that I'm actually singing my signature.
Is there anything like that for the Mac or iPhone?
vy32
(3564 rep)
Dec 2, 2023, 02:09 PM
• Last activity: Dec 4, 2023, 05:35 AM
0
votes
2
answers
1487
views
Edit HTML signature in Mail 16.0 on MacOS Monterey 12.4
Since a few day, my HTML signature are gone on _Mail_. I used to edit manually the `*.mailsignature` files located in the `~/Library/Mail/V9/MailData/Signatures/` folder and locking them to prevent _Mail_ to override them. Unfortunately, since the last update, I can't select it with the combo box: [...
Since a few day, my HTML signature are gone on _Mail_. I used to edit manually the
Note that I can't select a signature created manually either.
*.mailsignature
files located in the ~/Library/Mail/V9/MailData/Signatures/
folder and locking them to prevent _Mail_ to override them.
Unfortunately, since the last update, I can't select it with the combo box:

Martin Delille
(795 rep)
Jul 28, 2022, 08:07 AM
• Last activity: Dec 9, 2022, 10:13 AM
2
votes
0
answers
69
views
Can i transfer my Prevew signatures from a Time Machine backup drive to a new Macbook Pro? (old mac died)
I would like to put the signatures I had on an old Macbook that died onto my new Macbook Pro. I have a copy of Time Machine from my old Mac. Can I use that to transfer Preview signatures to new Macbook Pro? Thanks.
I would like to put the signatures I had on an old Macbook that died onto my new Macbook Pro. I have a copy of Time Machine from my old Mac. Can I use that to transfer Preview signatures to new Macbook Pro? Thanks.
yosemiteg
(21 rep)
Aug 17, 2022, 12:01 AM
15
votes
4
answers
37619
views
Preview 10.1 in macOS Mojave does not capture signature with camera
I recently bought a MacBook Air and I am not being able to capture a signature in a white sheet of paper with camera, as it was possible in previous machines and mac OS versions. Does someone have a hint on how to solve this?
I recently bought a MacBook Air and I am not being able to capture a signature in a white sheet of paper with camera, as it was possible in previous machines and mac OS versions.
Does someone have a hint on how to solve this?
JdB
(151 rep)
Nov 23, 2018, 12:14 AM
• Last activity: Mar 21, 2022, 02:44 PM
6
votes
2
answers
21290
views
How to stop images in apple mail signature is being magnified
I'm trying to add a logo in apple mail signature. The image is a small PNG. When I added to the the signature in preferences, it's fine. But when I visit that signature again (or) create a mail with that signature, the image magnifies while the retina resolution is gone. How to I stop it? [

Moe Sweet
(161 rep)
Aug 30, 2016, 09:18 AM
• Last activity: Dec 8, 2021, 10:14 PM
0
votes
1
answers
1593
views
macOS Catalina Preview.app cannot create signature with built-in camera
I'm on macOS Catalina 10.15.6 19G2021 x86_64. I was trying to create a signature with Preview.app and the MacBook's built-in camera, when I clicked on `Done` button, the captured signature wasn't saved. I tried to restart Preview.app, reopen the document and open another document and it still didn't...
I'm on macOS Catalina 10.15.6 19G2021 x86_64.
I was trying to create a signature with Preview.app and the MacBook's built-in camera, when I clicked on
Preview.app version from "About Preview":
Done
button, the captured signature wasn't saved.
I tried to restart Preview.app, reopen the document and open another document and it still didn't work.
Is it a bug? What should I do? Thanks!


Teddy C
(1884 rep)
Sep 1, 2020, 12:49 PM
• Last activity: Oct 13, 2021, 01:59 PM
3
votes
3
answers
3816
views
Unable to create a new electronic signature in Preview
I am trying to add a signature to the _Preview_ using ***Tools > Annotate > Signature > Manage Signatures*** [![enter image description here][1]][1] I then click on _Create Signature_ [![enter image description here][2]][2] Note that I need to use a camera-ready _picture_ of a handwritten signature...
I am trying to add a signature to the _Preview_ using ***Tools > Annotate > Signature > Manage Signatures***
I then click on _Create Signature_
Note that I need to use a camera-ready _picture_ of a handwritten signature - (not mouse created). So in the dialog I choose "Camera", then put the page with signature in front of the camera and click _Done_
But then the "new" signature is not created: the same single entry is still there (which I did years ago in a much older version of _macOS_).
Why is a new signature not being created? I am on _Big Sur_.
**Update** Here is what is in my _Keychain Access_





WestCoastProjects
(6555 rep)
Oct 2, 2021, 05:30 AM
• Last activity: Oct 2, 2021, 07:56 PM
2
votes
1
answers
6436
views
Sign with colored signature in Preview
I used to be able to change the signature color in Preview. This is no more applicable. And the camera signature yeilds black and white signature. Is there anyways to either color the signature after having it in the Preview of import colored one?
I used to be able to change the signature color in Preview. This is no more applicable. And the camera signature yeilds black and white signature. Is there anyways to either color the signature after having it in the Preview of import colored one?
seteropere
(121 rep)
Nov 14, 2020, 08:47 PM
• Last activity: Nov 14, 2020, 09:06 PM
0
votes
0
answers
29
views
How do I add more than ~30 signatures to Apple Mail?
I have a lot of signatures, since I like to include witty or insightful quotes at the end of my emails. I was adding them to Apple Mail today and once I get to about 30 or so the list of signatures starts to disappear, like so: [![Screenshot of broken Apple Mail signatures][1]][1] I tried to work ar...
I have a lot of signatures, since I like to include witty or insightful quotes at the end of my emails. I was adding them to Apple Mail today and once I get to about 30 or so the list of signatures starts to disappear, like so:
I tried to work around this by looking for the plist to edit them, but Apple seems to have closed off

~/Library/Mail
, even to the superuser.
I know I can delete signature using the -
button, and I can still add them using the +
button, but I can't edit their names.
How might I add more signatures & edit their names?
John Perry
(351 rep)
Aug 5, 2020, 09:45 PM
0
votes
0
answers
127
views
Someone else's signature appeared in my signature list in Preview app?
A signature of someone, who I've never heard of, appeared in the signature list of my Preview app. I have noticed that the signature is stored in keychain and can be found in the KeyChain Access app. I don't think I have login my Apple ID on other machines, so it's unlikely that it's synced via the...
A signature of someone, who I've never heard of, appeared in the signature list of my Preview app. I have noticed that the signature is stored in keychain and can be found in the KeyChain Access app. I don't think I have login my Apple ID on other machines, so it's unlikely that it's synced via the iCloud. I have also checked the devices under my iCloud account, nothing suspicious.
Maybe someone has touched my Macbook? But it's not very sensible for someone I don't know to sneak into my home just to create a signature using my password protected Macbook but did not do any other harm, at least to my knowledge, to my other belongings.
What could be the possible reasons?
Arnold
(101 rep)
May 18, 2020, 04:58 AM
• Last activity: May 19, 2020, 01:31 AM
Showing page 1 of 20 total questions