I am trying to install a specific version of Buck using Homebrew. Facebook provide a formula on GitHub . I have added the tap: brew tap facebook/fb I can then install Buck using: brew install --HEAD facebook/fb/buck However, I would like to install a specific release, for example v2017.05.02.01 . What is the syntax for installing a specific release from GitHub? I am looking for something like: # This does not work! brew install --v2017.05.02.01 facebook/fb/buck *Note: other questions do not seem to be about releases on GitHub.*

I want to use "startosinstall" so that I can install macOS Catalina onto an external hard drive in order to preload MacOS onto multiple SSD's quickly. I've researched into this and have found websites such as [Erase All Contents And Settings - erase and reinstall macOS in situ](https://grahamrpugh.com/2018/03/26/reinstall-macos-from-system-volume.html) which suggest using: /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/startosinstall \ --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app \ --agreetolicense --nointeraction --volume /Volumes/External\ Macintosh\ HD I've tried running the above but have had no success and always find that I get this returned:

Usage: startosinstall

Arguments
--applicationpath, a path to copy of the OS installer application to start the install with.
--license, prints the user license agreement only.
--agreetolicense, agree to license the license you printed with --license.
--rebootdelay, how long to delay the reboot at the end of preparing. This delay is in seconds and has a maximum of 300 (5 minutes).
--pidtosignal, Specify a PID to which to send SIGUSR1 upon completion of the prepare phase. To bypass "rebootdelay" send SIGUSR1 back to startosinstall.
--converttoapfs, specify either YES or NO on if you wish to convert to APFS.
--installpackage, the path of a package (built with productbuild(1)) to install after the OS installation is complete; this option can be specified multiple times.
--eraseinstall, Erase all volumes and install to a new one. Optionally specify the name of the new volume with --newvolumename.
--newvolumename, the name of the volume to be created with --eraseinstall.
--usage, prints this message.

Example: startosinstall --converttoapfs YES

but can't seem to actually get anything to run. If anyone could provide me with some working code or show me how to solve this problem, I would be eternally grateful. Thanks for your help

I finally got my hands on a second-hand MacBook Pro (Early 2011). However, the disk is corrupted and doesn't boot, and Internet Recovery proves ineffective as the OS X Lion Setup fails. This is the only somewhat-modern Mac that I own, so I tried to make a USB installer via windows. I used a genuine Apple install DMG (*Located Here: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211683*) , and when I go and restore the USB with the DMG file I only see a .pkg file, in place of the installer files. It also doesn't show up in the boot menu of the Macbook. I have seen other people have success with this method, so I'm not seeing what I'm doing wrong. (*See here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OpF0jJMJzI*) What should I do differently?

There is a related question, "How to download Xcode 13 if the App Store is not accessible?" But if you already have XCode installed and run the following command:

xcode-select --install

The following message appears:

xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" in System Settings to install updates

What is the command to update XCode via the command line or by download? I know the following basic commands: **List all updates:**

softwareupdate -l

**To install a specific update** in the list, use the following format, but replacing NAME with the update's identifier:

softwareupdate -i NAME

softwareupdate --install 'macOS High Sierra 10.13.3 Supplemental Update-'

**To install all available updates** for your system type the command:

softwareupdate -i -a

But I don't see one for XCode:

Software Update Tool

Finding available software
No new software available.

Sometimes it's hard to search for older / previous versions of macOS & OS X on the App Store or Apple web site since they change links to promote the newest shipping version. *This is an attempt to provide the canonical QA for this issue, as per the Meta QA - https://apple.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2418/where-is-the-list-of-canonical-questions-stored-for-ask-different I expect it to be modified over time to hopefully become a complete information resource.* How can I get any older version of a Mac OS to be able to run virtually (as a VM) or to reinstall a specific previous version on my Mac?

I have a Mac Mini with two hard drives inside. The 1st one has an OS installed, and the files I work from. But I wanted to have the second one be used partly for storage, and partly have an OS installed in case the first HD crashes. I'm imagining that if my main drive fails one day, I will be able to keep working uninterrupted by updating drive 2 with **Time Machine**. However in the meanwhile, I'd like to use Drive 2 for storage (while booting from drive 1). I found this article , but it doesn't really say if this scenario would let the user use the rest of the partition for storage if the computer is booted from another drive. **Does this sound like a logical plan, and how would I format and instal the second drive?**

What is the best way to add quotas to filesystems in MacOS? I know it can be done to Volumes, however interested where quotas can be modified later (Volumes are only at creation). Specifically, to prevent a DOS on disk space consumption and best practice to cover this for users.

I have tried in vain to get my MacBook Air back up and running. I did a system restore or reinstall a while back and something broke. I've tried command+R and a bootable USB, there doesn’t appear to be a time machine partition or option. Which partition should I format? Can I clear them all and start from scratch? If someone could show me how to get this issue resolved so I can use my laptop again that’d be great.

Not sure if I need to re-format and re-install again. Is it normal to see so many Mac HD, and should I try to remove the extra ones? Had some HD issue where somehow there was no space left and thus there was nothing to do but to clean install everything. Now it seems there are multiple Mac HD / Mac HD - Data, with different avail space, as shown:

~ % diskutil list
/dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *1.0 TB     disk0
   1:                        EFI ⁨EFI⁩                     314.6 MB   disk0s1
   2:                 Apple_APFS ⁨Container disk1⁩         850.0 GB   disk0s2
   3:       Microsoft Basic Data ⁨BOOTCAMP⁩                150.2 GB   disk0s3

/dev/disk1 (synthesized):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      APFS Container Scheme -                      +850.0 GB   disk1
                                 Physical Store disk0s2
   1:                APFS Volume ⁨Macintosh HD - Data⁩     688.1 KB   disk1s1
   2:                APFS Volume ⁨Preboot⁩                 271.6 MB   disk1s2
   3:                APFS Volume ⁨Recovery⁩                1.1 GB     disk1s3
   4:                APFS Volume ⁨VM⁩                      1.1 GB     disk1s4
   5:                APFS Volume ⁨Macintosh HD - Data⁩     66.9 GB    disk1s5
   6:                APFS Volume ⁨Macintosh HD⁩            15.7 GB    disk1s7
   7:              APFS Snapshot ⁨com.apple.os.update-...⁩ 15.7 GB    disk1s7s1

/dev/disk2 (disk image):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:     Apple_partition_scheme                        +455.4 MB   disk2
   1:        Apple_partition_map ⁨⁩                        32.3 KB    disk2s1
   2:                  Apple_HFS ⁨Google Chrome⁩           455.3 MB   disk2s2
                    (free space)                         13.0 GB    -

/dev/disk5 (disk image):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        +401.1 MB   disk5
   1:                  Apple_HFS ⁨Unity Hub 3.0.1⁩         401.0 MB   disk5s1

/dev/disk6 (disk image):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        +2.4 GB     disk6
   1:                        EFI ⁨EFI⁩                     209.7 MB   disk6s1
   2:                  Apple_HFS ⁨Visual Studio⁩           2.1 GB     disk6s2

I'm installing a set of softwares/packages/formulas via homebrew with command like brew install ... brew cask install ... I wonder if it's a good idea to verify if the softwares `, ..., `, ... are already installed and only trigger the above commands for the ones NOT already installed. If so, how?

I followed the instructions provided in this answer which explains how to make an El Capitan bootable disk from a system running Catalina I copied the commands exactly as prescribed, reproduced here: pkgutil --expand /Volumes/Install\ OS\ X/InstallMacOSX.pkg ~/Desktop/El\ Capitan diskutil eject Install\ OS\ X cd ~/Desktop/El\ Capitan hdiutil attach InstallMacOSX.pkg/InstallESD.dmg -noverify -nobrowse -mountpoint /Volumes/esd sudo asr restore -source /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.dmg -target /Volumes/MyVolume -noprompt -noverify -erase diskutil rename OS\ X\ Base\ System Install\ El\ Capitan rm /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Installation/Packages cp -rp /Volumes/esd/Packages /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Installation cp -rp /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.chunklist /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/ cp -rp /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.dmg /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/ hdiutil detach /Volumes/esd sudo bless --folder /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Library/CoreServices --label Install\ El\ Capitan cp /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/InstallAssistant.icns /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/.VolumeIcon.icns diskutil eject Install\ El\ Capitan However it hangs at the last line. Here is the output: pkgutil --expand /Volumes/Install\ OS\ X/InstallMacOSX.pkg ~/Desktop/El\ Capitan diskutil eject Install\ OS\ X cd ~/Desktop/El\ Capitan hdiutil attach InstallMacOSX.pkg/InstallESD.dmg -noverify -nobrowse -mountpoint /Volumes/esd sudo asr restore -source /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.dmg -target /Volumes/MyVolume -noprompt -noverify -erase diskutil rename OS\ X\ Base\ System Install\ El\ Capitan rm /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Installation/Packages cp -rp /Volumes/esd/Packages /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Installation cp -rp /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.chunklist /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/ cp -rp /Volumes/esd/BaseSystem.dmg /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/ hdiutil detach /Volumes/esd sudo bless --folder /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/System/Library/CoreServices --label Install\ El\ Capitan cp /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/InstallAssistant.icns /Volumes/Install\ El\ Capitan/.VolumeIcon.icns diskutil eject Install\ El\ Capitan Could not open package for expansion: /Volumes/Install OS X/InstallMacOSX.pkg Unable to find disk for Install OS X /dev/disk3 GUID_partition_scheme /dev/disk3s1 EFI /dev/disk3s2 Apple_HFS /Volumes/esd Password: Validating target...done Validating source...done Retrieving scan information...done Validating sizes...done Restoring ....10....20....30....40....50....60....70....80....90....100 Restored target device is /dev/disk2s1. Remounting target volume...done asr: Couldn't personalize volume /Volumes/OS X Base System - State not recoverable Volume on disk2s1 renamed to Install El Capitan Does anyone have any idea why that might happen?

I want to sell my old iMac 27" so I secure formatted HDD with APFS and tried to install macOS (CMD + R) but installation is aborted with an error: **It is not possible to install mac OS on your computer. An error occurred when configuring file attributes. Finish the installer to restart the computer and repeat the operation.** I reseted SMC, PRAM but it is not success.I used WiFi, I used wired connection — no success. HDD S.M.A.R.T. is OK. I tried installation process many times but always get this error. What can be wrong?

I've recently acquired a second-hand macbook pro from 2013 with a wiped disk, and wish to make it useful. While I understand the recommendations are to either use the internet Recovery system to install macOS, or connect a Thunderbolt cable and make use of Target Disk Mode in order to install anything else, I still wish to provision an operating system in a cleaner and more reproducible automated way. Surely that should be possible? On non-apple hardware I typically use iPXE, and this answer tells that to be possible also on any intel-based macbook if booting from removable media. The way I understand things, it also ought to be possible to boot iPXE over the network using Apple's Boot Service Discovery Protocol (BSDP) , as accessed by pressing N to launch a NetInstall from a NetBoot server . It seems all one needs to know, is how to populate the configuration for one's DHCP and tftp servers. The Wikipedia page on BSDP is quite technical. Together with the specification it references, it appears to be detailed enough to allow setting up this two-stage network boot solution which I am after. Yet it seems fiddly enough to motivate asking first; Does this SE community know of any previous attempts to serve iPXE over BSDP? (Related answers about success stories or other implementations than Apple's serving of macOS over BSDP could perhaps also be interesting and on topic?) One possible problem I see is regarding driver support. While iPXE does have some support for booting over wifi , I'm unsure of if it will work with the device in the macbook. Running ioreg | grep AirPort in the rescue shell reveals a BroadCom 4360. There is support for Broadcom bcm44xx cards in the source tree , but I have no clue of whether those model numbers might be close enough to be similar technology.

I have a late 2009 MacBook 6,1 just for gaming purposes. I tried rolling back my system using system restore but unfortunately, my machine went off in the middle of the process. I got error code: critical process died and I think my windows 10 is corrupted. Currently I can't also access the macos partition(I don't know why. seems it just disappeared). Is there a way to freshly install or download windows 10 again when you can't get into macos ? Please help.

Apple has been providing single file macOS installer package "InstallAssistant.pkg" since Big Sur, this package install the app to "/Applications/Install macOS Ventura.app", and copy itself to "/Applications/Install macOS Ventura.app/Contents/SharedSupport/SharedSupport.dmg" using /bin/cp command. My Question is, How could this file act as both an installer package and a disk image? You can get the installer url from flowing page: https://mrmacintosh.com/macos-ventura-13-full-installer-database-download-directly-from-apple/

I have been trying to get started on GTK for Mac. I followed the [installation steps](https://www.gtk.org/docs/installations/macos/) and ran the [hello-world program](https://www.gtk.org/docs/getting-started/hello-world/) . I keep getting this error with gcc, though. Running

gcc $(pkg-config --cflags gtk4) -o hello-world-gtk hello-world-gtk.c $(pkg-config --libs gtk4)

returns the following errors:

Package gtk4 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `gtk4.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'gtk4' found
Package gtk4 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `gtk4.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'gtk4' found
hello-world-gtk.c:1:10: fatal error: 'gtk/gtk.h' file not found
#include 
         ^~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.

I found a [similar problem](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20098862/how-to-install-gtk-on-osx-for-use-with-g-gcc-compiler) here, but the user says they already have gcc/g++ working. I don't. Any ideas? I ran the installation script included in the installation steps and all I get is an error.

In order to run a 32-bit app, I need to downgrade from Catalina 10.15 to Mojave 10.14. In Safari, I went to the direct download link: https://apps.apple.com/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?mt=12 The page for getting Mojave opened in the App store, and after I clicked the "**Get**" button, around 6,04GB were downloaded. But right after, the App updater showed this popup: "***No packages were eligible for install. Contact the software manufacturer for assistance.** An error occured while installing the selected updates*". I **cannot find where the downloaded 6,04GB installer is located** ; I looked in the App folder, on the desktop, in the downloads, and cannot find it. The download must be hidden somewhere on the computer. My understanding is that despite using the direct link to the installer, the App store tries to install Mojave directly when clicking the "Get" button. I expected a "Download" button instead, with the goal to create a bootable installer. Did I miss something? Should the installer be downloaded from the Terminal? --- New attempt: trying to download-only Mojave from the Terminal. **Bugs when trying to download Mojave 10.14 from the Terminal in Catalina 10.15.7** It seems that a bug was introduced with Catalina 10.15.5, which is still here with Catalina 10.15.7: running softwareupdate from the Terminal is not working properly. softwareupdate --list only lists newer versions of MacOS and no previous ones. As for softwareupdate --download --fetch-full-installer --full-installer-version 10.14.6 it reports "Downloading **and installing** 10.14.6 installer", **despite the --download flag which should prevent it** ; and if removing --fetch-full-installer does not work. It also reports twice the following error before starting the download and install: SUPreferenceManager: Failed to set object of class: __NSCFConstantString for key: LastRecommendedMajorOSBundleIdentifier with error: Error Domain=SUPreferenceManagerErrorDomain Code=1 "(null)" This thread confirms the bug: https://www.reddit.com/r/macsysadmin/comments/hagf3o/did_macos_10155_break_the_softwareupdate/ --- Second attempt from the Terminal: administrator@AdministorsiMac ~ % sudo softwareupdate --fetch-full-installer --full-installer-version 10.14.6 Password: Downloading and installing 10.14.6 installer SUPreferenceManager: Failed to set object of class: __NSCFConstantString for key: LastRecommendedMajorOSBundleIdentifier with error: Error Domain=SUPreferenceManagerErrorDomain Code=1 "(null)" SUPreferenceManager: Failed to set object of class: __NSCFConstantString for key: LastRecommendedMajorOSBundleIdentifier with error: Error Domain=SUPreferenceManagerErrorDomain Code=1 "(null)" Installing: 89.0%SUPreferenceManager: Failed to set object of class: __NSCFConstantString for key: LastRecommendedMajorOSBundleIdentifier with error: Error Domain=SUPreferenceManagerErrorDomain Code=1 "(null)" Install finished successfully administrator@AdministorsiMac ~ % According to the logs, the install finished successfully, but the installer cannot be found in the Applications and the iMac is still with Catalina.

I've created a bootable installer for MacOS Monterey (on a USB flash drive) using the usual method of downloading the installer and using 'createinstallmedia' within Terminal. The command appears to complete successfully. I've done this before with older versions of MacOS and it's worked fine. However, the installer I created for Monterey is not working properly. If I startup with the alt-option key and select it, it appears to boot from the USB installer, but my machine boots into recovery mode instead. Further indication that something is amiss is the fact that (when booted into my existing system) that the USB installer does not appear in System Preferences -> Startup Disk (even though it does appear when starting up with alt-option). I've searched for this problem, and have tried the following, to no avail: 1. Un-checked the "ignore ownership" box (in Finder -> GetInfo). 2. Gone to the Startup Security Utility, which says that "Firmware password protection is off". 3. Verified that my computer (2017 Macbook Air) is capable of running this OS, and of course that the certificate is not expired. I'm at my wit's end. I've tried creating a bootable installer of Big Sur and have the exact same issue. I have an old USB bootable installer (for ElCapitan) that seems to work fine - the machine will boot up with it, although it too does not appear in SystemPrefs->StartupDisk. It's a new USB 3.1 32GB stick. I've formatted with "GUID partition map" and "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)". Here is the 'diskutil' info for it:

/dev/disk2 (external, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *31.0 GB    disk2
   1:                        EFI ⁨EFI⁩                     209.7 MB   disk2s1
   2:                  Apple_HFS ⁨Install macOS Monterey⁩  30.7 GB    disk2s2

For the record, output of the 'createinstallmedia' command ...

sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Monterey.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/Monterey\ installer
Password:
Ready to start.
To continue we need to erase the volume at /Volumes/Monterey installer.
If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: Y
Erasing disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%... 100%
Making disk bootable...
Copying to disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%... 40%... 50%... 60%... 70%... 80%... 90%... 100%
Install media now available at "/Volumes/Install macOS Monterey"

I’m trying to reinstall my macOS, but now I’m stuck in macOS Utilities. And when I want to reinstall macOS Sierra I get "Permission denied":

I am running a non-retina 15' 2012 Macbook Pro with Mojave 1.14.4. I had some apps for work that I can only run on Windows but I am not willing to download the full Windows 10 with all the bloatwares that it has. So I found some reputable custom Windows 10 Lite iso files in hope of having a lighter version of Windows I could use without worrying about Windows update or all its bloatware. Though, Boot Camp Assistant rejected installing the file with this popup: The iso I'm trying to install is a 64bit iso as well and with some digging, I found that Boot Camp only allows installation of official Windows 10 iso files downloaded straight from Microsoft. Is there a way I could bypass this pop-up altogether and proceed with my installation? Or if there are any Windows 10 iso that works will be great. Worst case scenario I guess I will have to install the full Windows 10 iso. Thanks in advance.